AP scores aren’t very high on the list of factors that go into college admissions, but they’re telling of academic ability and aptitude on other standardized tests.
If in general your AP scores reflect your standardized test scores and GPA, then yes, a 3 on AP Human says that you can probably forget Duke and Virginia. BUT if you really just messed up badly and you can do great on your APs next year, you’ll be on track for some of those schools - a poor performance in AP Human is easily excusable alongside great performance in several of the other more difficult AP classes.