Thanks for the responses everyone!
A few followup points:
Regarding my son wanting to leave the midwest (or even the strength of the Physics program), that’s just a factor, not an absolute. Carleton/Minnesota, while still the midwest, does provide some differences from where we are, e.g., in terms of culture/geography/recreation/climate. Carleton also pulls in a fair proportion of students from other parts of the country (e.g., the coasts). And before he heard from Amherst, my son did favor it over some other east coast schools.
As to what he might do after school, he is interested in doing something research-related, perhaps space-related. I’m not sure either location provides a significant advantage in this regard, especially since grad school is likely to happen in the interim. And of course, this all could change during undergrad.
He is interested in doing research, both during the school year and during summers. Perhaps I should’ve mentioned this, although I don’t know how much of a difference this will make, it does seem like both schools present good opportunities for this.
He is interested in being exposed to a broad variety of courses and fields, although not necessarily to the point of double-majoring. He has been open to schools with a core curriculum or a more open curriculum, so I don’t think this is a major factor (especially between two schools like this).
He does play the viola quite well and is interested in continuing that, say participating in an orchestra. But again, not to the level, say, of double-majoring or minoring in Music. This kind of opportunity seemed present at most of the schools we looked at, so I didn’t feel the need to mention it.
We did visit Amherst a few months back, and did hear about and see the construction of the new science building. But we didn’t see images/plans for the entire facility, so thanks for those links @ThankYouforHelp and @OHMomof2. It looks like it will be a great addition to campus.
Another point I should perhaps mention: He has work-study as part of his FA package. At Carleton, they find the position for you, whereas at most other schools the student is on their own to find a position. Anyone know how this works at Amherst? Oh, I just searched, and it looks like it’s up to the student. But does anyone know how difficult it is to find a position? At some schools I gather there are fewer positions than students.
Apologies for use of the term “quirky” :-). I realize it is overused, especially in this context. But it is concise, and does capture some important, relevant aspects.
Anyway, in some areas, it seems like Carleton is the clear winner, in others, Amherst. Guess that’s what’s making this decision harder!