<p>I agree with the others, that is a hard question to answer. What makes the top conservatories so competitive is because they have the reputation for turning out high level students, so high caliber students tend to gravitate that way. This Juilliard, NEC, etc, draw a lot of applications, many of them from kids who are way at the top of the heap in terms of skills, which makes it very tough to get in (since generally, the more kids who apply to a program, the standards are also high since they can pick and choose among the very best).
It is the program’s name that makes it competitive (and I am not saying it is only name, that Juilliard or NEC is all hype, etc, that isn’t true, there is a reason for that name). </p>
<p>And yes, you can apply to a less competitive program because a teacher is there who teaches at a high level program but also teaches there (like, for example, someone who teaches at Juilliard but also at let’s say Mannes on violin hypothetically), that is not uncommon for teachers to do. The potential downside to that is (in theory at least), when at the highly competitive programs, the general air is one that really drives students to make a go at it, to fly higher. A girl I know studies at a school with a really high level teacher, a well respected one, but she found that the rest of the program outside her lessons was a disappointment, so you can find that a teacher is great, but the chamber and orchestra programs are not very good…which you probably won’t find at the highest level programs, where everything tends to be top notch because the students are all out there and so forth. That doesn’t mean that isn’t a path, it is, and a perfectly valid one, especially depending on the instrument. There are lesser known schools that have programs in a specific thing (like voice, for example) that are blockbusters and actually can be better then a big name schools program. </p>
<p>The other factor is that relative competition levels change, too. There can be years where NEC, for example, might have more piano slots open, so actually is an easier admit then Eastman who that year has very few slots and a lot of high level auditioners, you never know, and that factors into the relative levels. </p>
<p>What this means is there isn’t a really objective answer to your question, it all depends on the particular year, what the person is auditioning for and so forth.</p>