Do colleges see the scores of all the AP tests you've taken?

I’ve heard that when you send college apps, you only have to put down 8 or so AP scores. Later on, will colleges be able to see all the other exams too, and will it affect admission?

When you apply, you self report your AP scores on the application. Since it’s optional, you can list any/all/none. When you decide which school to attend, you send the official score report, which contains all of your scores, although you can pay $ to the College Board to withhold one or more. So unless your AP scores are on your HS transcript, colleges will only see the scores you show them.