<p>Caltech has a Business Economics and Management major and some good business classes if your son is interested in that. We also have to take 16 terms of humanities and social sciences, most of which can be social sciences if he wants. It's a good excuse to take a lot of business, economics, law, political science, or whatever random topic you want to learn about. </p>
<p>For mechanical engineering, both MIT and Caltech are probably going to have very similar requirements, classes, prestige, and teaching styles. The only real academic difference is going to be in the core classes. As an engineer at Caltech, your son would still have to take quantum mechanics and proof-based calculus, neither of which are likely to apply directly to the work he's going to do. Learning how to do proofs, however, would teach him thinking and problem-solving skills that he might not learn otherwise and knowing quantum mechanics, even if it's not his field, will help him be a well-rounded scientist and engineer. If your son has a general interest in science and wants to be around similar people, then Caltech might be right for him. </p>
<p>Every Caltech student has to take at least five terms of physics, five terms of math (starting after calculus,) two terms of chemistry (designed to be a good general introduction to chemistry for people who have already aced the AP exam,) a course on a specific topic in biology (currently biophysics of viruses,) a chemistry lab, another freshman lab (usually in physics or applied physics,) and a "menu" course in geology, astrophysics, energy science, environmental engineering, or information and logic. If this sounds like a big annoyance to get in the way of taking engineering classes, then he might want to go to MIT instead. If he likes all types of science, doesn't mind feeling like he's triple-majoring in math, physics, and his major of choice, and would probably take these classes regardless of where he went, then it's nice being able to make a physics joke and have everyone in the room get it. ;) Actually, the real advantage is that the entire freshman class will be taking the same core classes at the same time. Since the problem sets are all open-collaboration (and encourage collaboration), they can make some of the problems hard enough that most people won't be able to do them on their own. This encourages a lot of learning through (consistently extremely smart!) peers.</p>
<p>More importantly, though, are the non-academic factors. This is where Caltech and MIT actually differ a lot (and why I chose Caltech over MIT despite MIT being just as strong in my field of interest):</p>
<ul>
<li><p>Weather. It's warm and sunny out pretty much every day at Caltech. Just taking a stroll around campus and looking at all the beautiful flowers, squirrels scampering around, and turtles always makes me feel better. I thought MIT was cold, depressing, and impersonal. Maybe some people are into that kind of thing though.</p></li>
<li><p>Honor code. It's taken very seriously here and actually works due to the high amount of trust amongst the small student body. Even though you get to take pretty much all tests home, take then when you want, time yourself, and enforce the restrictions (what amount of material you are allowed to consult) on yourself, there is still very little cheating. I've never heard of any student-on-student crime. The campus is very safe and your fellow undergraduates will usually look out for you. The school in general is very collaborative and non-cutthroat. </p></li>
<li><p>The administration usually makes a huge effort to be as personal as they can be. They usually are very open to undergraduates and trust us more than we could ever ask to be trusted. :D Heck, President Chameau was just cooking up omelettes recently for people at midnight during finals week! President Chameau regularly goes to sports events and other student events. Tom Mannion will give you amazing free food and sponsor fun events! The school is also usually willing to fund any awesome ideas you have. If you have an idea for a club, it's easy to get money for it. If you have an idea for building something cool, you can usually get Caltech to buy some of the materials for you. There's also not nearly as much red-tape as you might see at a bigger school. It's simple to just drop my an administrator's office and just get something sorted out. Most of them don't even bite! :D</p></li>
<li><p>Small student body. There are so many advantages to this I can't even name most of them. Caltech is very rare in the fact that they are a huge name in research and yet have a very small undergraduate body. If you want to do research, you can. It's as simple as being willing to email a number of professors until you find one that has an opening. Most students do SURFs over at least one of the summers they are here. The student body is small enough that I can recognize most of the undergraduates here (and often know what House they're in.) The student body is also extremely friendly. Just have your son stand around looking confused with a campus map upside down (telltale prefroshling signals) and some undergraduates will probably offer to help him out or let him follow them around to their classes and whatnot.</p></li>
<li><p>The House System. It is awesome. It basically gives you an instant hundred people who want to be your friend and are probably extremely compatible with you. The Houses usually have fun activities and are the basis of most peoples' social lives. They're kind of a mixture of really nerdy coed frats and the Harry Potter houses. Most of them also have really fun "family style" dinners every weekday. They all have their unique traditions and all have very different personalities (though a non-Techer would probably describe all of them as some variation of "nerdy.")</p></li>
<li><p>Sports. If your son really cares about his school winning lots of sports games, and table tennis is not his sport of choice, Caltech is not his kind of school. If he wants to join a sports team, he can, regardless of whether or not he has ever played it before in his life. Sure, we don't do an athletic recruiting at all, and many of our teams consistently lose, but you also get the opportunity to try out pretty much whatever you want. No one here does sports for the glory of winning but for having fun, relaxing with friends, and getting some exercise.</p></li>
<li><p>Student body in general. We're not as diverse as MIT. We don't do the affirmative action thing or athletic recruiting so much, so our gender ratio sucks, we are bad at sports, and we're very white/asian. On the other hand, everyone who goes here is extremely smart and no one is ever treated like they got in just because of affirmative action. We have a lot of respect for each other (and most of us feel like we're the stupidest person here! :D) Someone who actually graduates with only a humanities major is a rare creature at Caltech, not so at MIT. We pretty much all love math and physics (even the bio majors and the engineers.) In general, we're quite a bit nerdier than MIT. This can be a good thing or a bad thing. If your son has a weird phobia of nerds, this is probably the last place in the world he would want to be. Just because we're nerdy doesn't mean we can't have a lot of fun though!</p></li>
</ul>
<p>I cannot overstate how important it is for your son to go the prefrosh weekend (or spend a couple days with students some other time.) While Techers tend to have more fun than usual during prefrosh weekend, keep in mind that it is right at the start of midterms week, which is the most stressful one in the term. ;) The kind of fun that the average Caltech has is probably very different from the kind of fun the average MIT student has.</p>