<p>Most big universities offer summer intensive classes that will fulfill the requirement. (They are sometimes free!) If you're planning on nailing one while an undergrad, they're typically looking for a B+ (sometimes called a "quality grade") or better in an upper division class. Here at Penn that would mean 5 semesters: 2 elementary, 2 intermediate, 1 upper division.</p>
<p>My understanding is that if you go the examination route, they'll put you in a room with a dictionary, a recent journal article in the language and a proctor. You'll have three hours to produce a reasonable translation.</p>
<p>I don't think they're anything to worry about. Study the web pages of the schools you're interested in and look for something like a "Grad Student Handbook" - probably a PDF link somewhere. That will have all the requirements spelled out. If you can't find it, call the school and ask for a copy.</p>