<p>Federal Reserve banks are significantly more selective than the average Wall Street firm, since their PhD level hiring committees <em>closely</em> examine your academic record, and also want two to three recommendations from professors (preferably ones they recognize offhand from field literature). In general, the better Fed offices are feeders to the top ranked PhD and quantitative MA / MS programs, and to a lesser extent elite JD and MBA programs. Operations positions aside like information technology and accounting, you definitely have to be a solidly honors bound student, at a selective college, with the right mix of relevant coursework. As a result, there tends not to be a lot of overlap between the Fed types and the plain vanilla banking crowed. The former often live in the library, while the later are frequently the relative life of the party at UChicago. All-in-all, from a non-compensation perspective, an RA or analyst type role at the San Francisco, Chicago, Boston, New York, or Washington fed offices, along with the IMF and World Bank in DC, are vastly more prestigious and analytically demanding than working for Barclays or Citigroup. The Fed is up there with Goldman Sachs, McKinsey, the White House, DE Shaw, Google, etc. in the stratospherically elite bracket of employers. </p>
<p>So as for what to do for you freshmen and sophomore summers
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<p>If you are not utterly exhausted academically by the spring, I suggest just knocking off some of the core over your first summer (2-3 courses, definitely not 4, also avoid taking the condensed economics sequences), which will allow you to drop to one or two classes later on for a term while working downtown. Incidentally, if you can only find a position that is full time during the regular school year, you can choose to take GSB accounting, since it only meets once a week and there are night sections starting at 6 PM or so based out of Booths downtown building. </p>
<p>As for you second summer, that is where it can be worth it to really hustle for a banking or fortune 500 corporate finance gig, even if it is kind of weak in terms of the actual responsibilities or the learning curve afforded. As much as it pains me to say it, I think going through one of the fee charging programs (again, University of Dreams comes to mind) that can place you with a brand name institution is worth it, unless you are able to drudge up something on your own. Having something as a sophomore guarantees you something as a junior, which in turn guarantees you a full time job as a senior under normal market conditions. So arguably a testament to how poorly designed Wall Street recruiting is a one time, 8K payment for the opportunity to work unpaid for a summer can end up being as make or break as attending a top school or attaining a certain GPA.</p>