<p>Grade deflation is not new at Princeton, especially in the hard sciences and engineering. I graduated from Princeton in 1978, and at that time Princeton was notorious for handing out lower grades and fewer honors at graduation than Harvard and Yale. At Princeton, honors at graduation are strictly departmental they are based on ones grades in departmental courses, and in departmental independent work, including the infamous senior thesis. For those in the hard sciences and engineering, grades were largely based on an objective assessment of ones knowledge of the material. The wonderful thing about Princeton is that it is a small university with the atmosphere of a small liberal arts college but in the sciences and engineering, the academic rigor is comparable to that at MIT or Caltech.</p>
<p>When I interviewed at Yale Medical School, one of my faculty interviewers made a snide comment that the largest groups of Yale medical students were from Harvard, Yale, and Stanford. He stated that this was not due to bias on the part of Yale, but rather because they are the best students. When I left the interview, I ran into a friend of mine from Princeton who was a first-year medical student at Yale. When I recounted the interviewers comments, my friend said, The admissions people and faculty here are clueless about the fact that Princeton hands out lower grades and fewer honors at graduation than Harvard, Yale, and Stanford.</p>
<p>Ironically, after being accepted by my first choice medical school (the University of Pennsylvania), I again encountered grade deflation. I was a Biochemistry major, but was performing my senior thesis in the lab of a Biology professor. My thesis experiment bombed, and I received a B minus for my thesis grade. I learned that I would be graduating without honors. The word was then passed to me and to one of my classmates working in another lab, that we had been just below the cutoff for departmental honors. We were told that other labs and thesis advisors had been somewhat more generous in grading theses, so more of their students had been graduating magna cum laude and summa cum laude. The two of us were so close to the cut-off for departmental honors, that if we exercised our right to request a second reader, and our grades were simply changed from a B minus to a B, we would graduate cum laude.</p>
<p>I went to my thesis advisor, and asked him how he felt about this. I told him I was not challenging his judgment, but merely had been told that different grading standards existed in the Biology and Biochemistry departments. He encouraged me to request a second reader, as the same thing had happened to him when he graduated from Amherst. When I went to my departmental representative, Dr. Arnold Levine (later President of Rockefeller University), a few days before graduation, as soon as I made my request, he told me, Given how close we are to commencement, I cant say if you will be listed as graduating with honors in the commencement program but it will be on your diploma. As it happened, I was listed in the program as well.</p>
<p>As further confirmation of how rigorous the standards in the sciences were at Princeton, I should note that after barely graduating cum laude, and without a Phi Beta Kappa key, just before I graduated from Penn Medical School, I was one of eight students called in to take a special examination just before graduation. We were told that we were among the highest ranking students in the class, we would all receive an award at graduation, and that the winner of the examination would win the Spencer Morris prize (highest honor at graduation), and receive an award equal to one years tuition. I didnt win the highest honor, but I was in the top eight and I was also elected to Alpha Omega Alpha (the medical equivalent of Phi Beta Kappa). So if I was able to graduate that highly ranked in my class at a top medical school, after barely graduating from Princeton with departmental honors in Biochemistry, that should give you some indication of how rigorous the grading was in the hard sciences and engineering. I would certainly not grade classes in the sciences on a curve one can objectively determine a students mastery of the material, and if everyone masters very difficult material, they all deserve good grades however a rigorous and objective approach to grading is not a new thing at Princeton, and it did not prevent me and my friends from gaining admission to outstanding graduate and professional schools.</p>