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You can't have a whole company of new workers.
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<p>No? See below.</p>
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<p>...Older workers know what they're doing.</p>
<p>...but junior employees, no matter how "confident" they are cannot take the place of experienced people without a learning curve
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<p>Interesting. That doesn't explain the structure of many high-tech startups, many of which are founded and staffed almost entirely by people fresh out of school, or in certain highly notable cases (i.e. Facebook, Google, Yahoo, Microsoft, Dell) by people who were *still in *school and in other highly notable cases (i.e. Apple) by people who had quite recently dropped out of school. Nor did these companies quickly staff themselves with 'experienced' employees; for example, it took Apple quite a while before they actually hired anybody with significant levels of experience. </p>
<p>Coincidentally (OK, probably not), startups are the most likely business structure to commercialize disruptive technologies. A major problem that every established firms that are staffed by experienced workers face is that they have great difficulty in marketing new products that may disrupt their existing business model. Startups have no existing business model and hence nothing to disrupt. Yet the fact is, the history of the technology industry has been characterized by a Schumpeterian-style cascade of disruption after disruption and hence why so many of the most successful tech companies of today didn't even exist in the recent past. It boggles the mind to think that 10 years ago Google didn't even exist and now we can't even imagine life without it. Yet Google was started by 2 Stanford CS students who had never held a real job in their lives, and the first engineering team was basically comprised of the founders' CS school buddies, almost all of whom had also never before held real jobs in their lives. </p>
<p>The problem with experienced workers is that while they may indeed know more, they are also unwilling to risk a lot. Startup firms can take flyers on wacky technologies because, frankly, they have nothing to lose, and similarly, inexperienced workers can take flyers on insane-sounding business models, some of which will actually turn out to be momentously profitable. Few people believed that you could actually create a company that sold just standalone computer software until Bill Gates came along. (In the old days, software was just something that computer companies always sold bundled together with the hardware). Similarly, the Google founders had no idea how they were going to generate profit when they started the company, and took years before finally settling on advertising. On the other hand, the risk they assumed was minimal. If Microsoft failed, oh well, Bill would just go back to Harvard, and similarly if Google failed, big deal, Sergey and Larry would just go back to Stanford. None of these guys had any ongoing financial responsibilities. But if you have a mortgage to pay and (especially) if you have a family to support, you just can't afford to take high levels of risk, which is why so few experienced people work in startups. It is that inability to assume risk that makes experienced workers worse than newcomers within the startup arena. Startups are notorious for paying out either nothing or paying out millions. If a newcomer fresh out of school ends up with a payout of nothing, it's no different than what he had before (which was nothing).</p>