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<p>@ucbalumnus yes, those are good questions</p>
<p>Comparing the entering SAT or ACT scores of the pools that are being evaluated would be helpful as a way of reducing such effects. Taking a specific example, the NCES site indicates that Duke and Johns Hopkins and Rice have similar test scores (JHU a little lower on SAT, Rice a little higher on the ACT, but close). By comparing outcomes among those schools on subject tests (or LSAT or MCAT or others) with the entering SAT scores, it is easier to understand expected outcomes. Even better if you can correlate the expected scores of the subpool (based on entering SAT scores of the same pool of psychology or Physics or History majors at Duke vs. Rice vs. JHU) it would be even better. That would help eliminate the problem that schools which may have similar test scores, may attract their strongest scoring students into different majors, and thus have “weaker” majors that are different.</p>
<p>Presumably Universities do this sharing of data, but don’t publish it.</p>
<p>Such data would be helpful in finding problems with different approaches to education among the many varied colleges.</p>