<p>A Washington University professor’s research about race and voices:</p>
<p>"Many Americans can guess a caller’s ethnic background from their first hello on the telephone.</p>
<p>However, the inventor of the term “linguistic profiling” has found in a current study that when a voice sounds African-American or Mexican-American, racial discrimination may follow…</p>
<p>n studying this phenomenon through hundreds of test phone calls, John Baugh, Ph.D., the Margaret Bush Wilson Professor and director of African and African American Studies in Arts & Sciences at Washington University in St. Louis, has found that many people made racist, snap judgments about callers with diverse dialects.</p>
<p>Some potential employers, real estate agents, loan officers and service providers did it repeatedly, says Baugh. Long before they could evaluate callers’ abilities, accomplishments, credit rating, work ethic or good works, they blocked callers based solely on linguistics.</p>
<p>Such racist reactions frequently break federal and state fair housing and equal employment opportunity laws.</p>
<p>While Baugh coined the term linguistic profiling, there is nothing new about the prejudice, as observing his mother’s phone conversations taught him. Even now it still is only a sideline in his scholarship as the nation’s foremost expert on varied African-American English, also called Ebonics.</p>
<p>It was not until he was about 38, with a doctoral degree, before he ever considered researching linguistic profiling. After being appointed to the Center for Advanced Studies in Behavior at Stanford University, he went shopping for a house for his family, then living in Los Angeles.</p>
<p>He telephoned agents advertising houses. When he made those calls he used what he calls his “professional” English. Even George Bernard Shaw’s fictitious linguist Henry Higgins would not conclude that he is African-American using that voice.</p>
<p>All agents seemed eager to show him houses for sale. When he showed up, most welcomed him warmly, but four, surprised by his race, told him the properties were no longer available.</p>
<p>“I could do a comedy routine about reactions and what they didn’t say.”</p>
<p>No one ever told him, “Oh, we didn’t know you were black on the phone,” but their eyes popped and the unsaid remarks would be the core of his stand-up comic monologue, he says.</p>
<p>Beyond the comedy, he recognized a serious racist problem.</p>
<p>Instead of just wondering what would have happened if he telephoned using an African-American dialect, he did an experiment. He made a series of three telephone calls using both styles of English and then a Mexican-American accent. The Standard English voice got better treatment."
[Linguistic</a> profiling: The sound of your voice may determine if you get that apartment or not | Newsroom | Washington University in St. Louis](<a href=“http://news.wustl.edu/news/Pages/6500.aspx]Linguistic”>Linguistic profiling: The sound of your voice may determine if you get that apartment or not - The Source - Washington University in St. Louis)</p>