<p>ChenChen,
If you are planning to get an undergrad degree in econ and then go on to graduate school in economics, I have a few anecdotes that may be relevant to you--except that I don't know how your international status affects things. These little stories are based on the experiences of my H, an econ prof for many years.</p>
<ol>
<li><p>My H obtained an undergraduate economics degree from a mid-ranked state public flagship. No well-known, much less famous, econ professors there, but there were research opps that H took full advantage of. He was an excellent student, performed well at his research job and earned very good letters of rec. He was accepted to quite a few of the top econ PhD programs in the US, and chose one in the top 10 that guaranteed him paid RA positions for all of grad school, and waived all tuition and fees. He graduated with a PhD from a top school without one penny of debt--a good thing, because starting professor salaries are lousy. On the other hand, he could have chosen a better-paying job straight out of grad school if he had gone into industry, government or quasi-government (Fed. Reserve Bank, IMF, etc.) If he had accrued a lot of student debt, he might have been forced to choose one of the non-academic offers, which were less to his liking. </p></li>
<li><p>When H was a prof at a different mid-level state flagship some years ago, he had an undergrad student he thought very highly of. He wrote letters of rec to every prominent prof he knew, and the student was accepted to the PhD program at one of the "top 3" Ivy institutions so well-known here on cc. That man is now a tenured full prof at a different Ivy. He wasn't held back by his "mediocre" undergrad institution.</p></li>
<li><p>Last week, H attended the 'senior honors thesis' presentations of his students at yet another state flagship public (these are students in the Honors College). He was really impressed by how good they were, and told me he is convinced the top students at this mid-level public are just as good at the TOP students at any school. Since he was dept chair for many years, and head of the hiring committee for many others, he has had plenty of opportunity to assess the training and talents of economists from institutions of every stripe. </p></li>
</ol>
<p>I'm not going to pretend I think any other school is just as good for you as Northwestern. If you have the money, or you have grandparents who will gift you the money, or you win the lottery this week, go to NU. But if you can't afford it, you can't afford it. That's life. No sane person goes into 100K debt for undergraduate school. If you must attend a "mediocre" institution, make sure you stand head and shoulders above the average student; get noticed for your drive and your maturity as well as your brains. Get to know profs who can help you out for recs. Do research during the academic year and the summer. Your own attitude and behavior will prove to be the defining factors of your undergraduate years.</p>
<p>I have another comment inspired by your situation, ChenChen, but not really directed towards you because it is too late for you. I notice you applied to NU even though you are not eligible for need-based financial aid. Did you apply to some of the other high ranking privates that award merit scholarships? I advise all who have top records and whose families will not qualify for need-based aid, but who nonetheless cannot or will not cough up 200K for undergraduate education, to throw some merit-awarding schools into your application mix. We are a "full-pay" family, so my son concentrated on merit awarding schools when he filed his apps this year. He will attend a "top 20" private next year with a merit scholarship worth about 40K per year, renewable for four years. He did NOT apply to NU even though we looked at it, simply because they do not award any merit money (his choice; he is a natural cheap-skate, we have discovered).</p>
<p>Good luck to you. Please keep in mind that the four years you spend as an undergraduate can be very important, but many, many successful people do not attend illustrious institutions as undergraduates. Debt is confining, limiting, even crippling. Play the college game smart.</p>