<p>You might consider a conference with his AP History teacher, as I did during S's l0th grade but in its natural timeframe (fall parent conferences). </p>
<p>Our youngest was invited to take AP History in l0th grade. This was a rarely permitted opportunity at his school, but he caught the attention of his 9th grade teacher, who told him to take summer school in l0th grade history to clear his schedule for an AP opportunity in l0th grade.</p>
<p>S earned B's the entire first half of the year in that AP History course. The teacher was experienced and capable. To all parents at Fall conferences, he pronounced it "normal" to see first B's as students began to master the scale and scope of an AP course, particularly in History. Privately, to me, he emphasized that l0th graders haven't had as much academic experience as llth graders, and specifically less experience in writing essays, all of which impacted his course grades, so absolutely expect no more than a B for l0th grader. He did say that if S "stay tuned" during the second half of the year, things might improve as he began to train them very closely for the AP exam. ALSO, I learned that students should be reading their textbook extensively at home, and he wasn't. The course intensified in Spring, and along with it my S's attention, especially the home reading. That was crucial.</p>
<p>He ended out l0th grade with an A in the final quarter, a "5/5" on the AP test in May, l00 percent on the state regents in June (piece of cake after those AP exams).</p>
<p>The following year he took 4 AP's and had the great background of having tried one out in l0th grade. </p>
<p>So it may just be that it's the nature of that particular teacher's pacing of the course that there are B's for l0th graders in the first half. I'd recommend a 3-way meeting to find out exactly what steps could bring up the grade by end-of-year. Keep your focus on end-of-year, not past grades. Also, since the topic is History, be on the lookout for all kinds of good programs on the History Channel. It's really pleasant to see this stuff in a documentary or video format. </p>
<p>Encourage your S to pay lots of attention when the teacher teaches (as I hope he will) exactly how to write history essays. Both of my S's said they learned how to write more from their history teachers than their English teachers; the critical thinking was stronger. (EDIT: That was true of these particular teachers, not the subject matter -- didn't mean to English teachers reading this!) </p>
<p>My S's teacher told the kids it's an entirely different way of writing than they've ever encountered, with a premise, supporting evidence and conclusions. It's rather formulaic. As well, it takes them a while to figure out how to write convincingly about the "DBQ" (data based question) where they analyze primary sources (such as an editorial cartoon or diary entry from that era) but must learn to use the historic trends studied in class to illustrate their points about the primary source. There's a lot to learn to write successfully, and at least here, that component was the difference between B and A in an AP History class. It's a lot to learn in l0th grade.</p>