Learning to Build Wealth

Sometimes fee only financial planners can be a benefit. That was how I got our one and only consultation when I was an employee and could choose a benefit from an array of choices. It was interesting to hear her suggestions and projections but we had a lot of unknowns and things worked out much better than we had anticipated. There was no charge to me as I opted for this over the other options that were offered.

Since you are financially supporting your aging relatives, might an annuity be helpful to help that be a steady stream of income? Just a thought.

Well part of the problem is that we don’t know anything about annuities or some of the other things mentioned in this thread. So I feel like maybe the first step should be to better educate myself. Dh is too busy to figure it all out.

See if your employer offers a Roth 401k. It’s nice to finally put some in tax-free instead of tax deferred.

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Roth means that it goes in after tax (so not tax-free when it goes in), but is tax-free when it comes out at the back end.

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Annuities are essentially insurance contracts. They take a lump sum of money, and in return give you monthly payments back. They make their money by keeping what’s left over when a person dies before the actuarial tables estimate they should. The term is mortality credit. There are a bunch of annuity types, but the SPIA is the only one worth looking at. USAA offers one that is good. They are predictable and will insure against running out of money.

The problem is that they are illiquid. You can’t change your mind. In a low interest environment, the monthly payment per amount invested isn’t great. It is a way of guaranteeing you’ll never run out of money though.

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There is a narrow window where Roth will be completely tax free. Typically when students are in high school and college, they don’t make enough to pay income tax. If they can squirrel some into a Roth, it will never be taxed.

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We are over the income limits for Roth.

You can do Roth conversions if you are means tested out of direct Roth contributions. You can put up to $27,000 in qualified into a 401K with catchup contributions, but you can put a total of $64,500 in if you also use after tax money. Then, you can do Roth conversions of that money. Look up “Mega Backdoor Roth.”

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You cannot rollover only after tax 401k contributions.

That’s not what I was talking about.

Look into putting new retirement payroll deduction into Roth accounts. For simplicity, we opted to have all our 401k money go to traditional (tax deferred). But having a mix of taxable / non taxable can be handy, so we’ve been doing Roth rollovers in retirement.

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Roth is not subject to RMD, and passes down to future generations tax free. It’s a powerful tool.

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It’s still a nice piece of the puzzle but I thought some new rules forced a Roth to be liquidated within 10 years of inheritance. I’m not a CPA.

You’re right. I completely forgot about that. It must be divested within 10 years, but it all comes out tax free.

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Taxes are hugely important. Get a good CPA. My advice would be to get someone who is mid-career say 40-50. Has lots of experience and still going to be there for a while. We have one who specializes in small businesses. Not all are the same. Some are very good at saving you money, others fill out the forms. At the end of every year, you should be able to see things ( in the form of savings) that you would not have known if you filled out your taxes via turbo tax. There are tons of savings, esp if you own a business or are very high income.
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Sounds great. I would add. The number in the 401K can be cut by 25-40% depending on where taxes land. And even a paid off house can be expensive in property tax and home expenses. So don’t underestimate how much you need. I’m of the opinion inflation is going sky high so plan to do less spending over the next few years despite having large savings and paid off home.
For finding a good FP< find someone similar to your husband in terms of income and age.Ask them who they use. Much better if it’s someone who has done extremely well and could retire. You don’t want to use someone who follows advisors advice completely but someone who works with the advisor. Your husband might have a mentor at work who can suggest. My husband worked with several guys who were 15-20 years older than he was. In his early 30’s found several mentors and these folks had lots of good advice. They were mentors in his career and had already raised families. Most retired young so they were doing smart things.

Last thing: IF you have a FP and you don’t like them, dump them quick. They are not going to change and you need to work with someone who has your interests in mind. I like the boutique firms that have other professionals close by ( CPA, attorney etc). We’ve sometimes used our FP’s suggested folks but sometimes it didn’t work out. We keep people 2 years, if they are doing well, great, if not they are gone ( Some are gone much sooner).

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I’m curious what your rationale is for this. As they say, a tax deferred is a tax avoided. Money goes in pre-tax, compounds, often by a lot, and then is taxed in the future, when the dollar is worth less due to inflation. From a tax planning point of view it doesn’t make sense not to fill the qualified buckets first.

As for the house, I wouldn’t pay it off unless you need the cash flow. It doesn’t sound like you do. My suspicion is that your mortgage rate is low. Short term treasuries are paying over 4%. If the interest rate on your mortgage is lower than that. It makes more financial sense to put the amount of the balance into T-bills, at least until interest rates come back down below what your mortgage rate is. They’re safe and relatively liquid considering you’ll likely choose something that’s a year or shorter. There is an interesting psychology though to having it paid off.

This all assumes that you have the cash buffer you need to live for a pre-determined number of months should your husband lose his job. I generally recommend that you have 6 months of living expenses sitting in a high interest savings account.

Moving this to the correct thread:


blossom

2h

A good financial planner is going to be proactive-- " I see you have a whole life insurance policy- can I take a look at it?" Life insurance can be a form of liquidity, you can stop paying in and the policy “pays for itself” while keeping the coverage intact, etc. “Both your parents had early onset dementia- can we take a look at what it would cost you to purchase long term care insurance?” “I see you made a large donation to your alma mater last year- I can help you meet your charitable goals at a lower effective cost, let’s talk about how that could work”.

if they’re just chasing returns, and your just worried about fees, you’re missing a big part of financial planning.

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I think you are mixing buckets or perhaps my post didn’t spell it out. Sure, you should likely save as much as possible in your 401K bucket pre-tax. What I am saying is that people think hey I have 2 million in my 401K, I’m set. But taxes have to be taken out and though they told us taxes would be lower in retirement, they aren’t for all people. And they are rising. You add in some inflation and that lovely retirement looks different. People don’t always know how much they’ll need in retirement. Here’s an example, my Dad retired in his early 60s. He was fine until inflation jumped in and prices for oil and property taxes went through the roof. Now his simple retirement is harder.

Seems like the OP is high income and saving a lot. But a lot can happen in retirement.

As for our house, we’ve alway had low interest rates and don’t even look at it as an investment though it is. We’ve even had a LIBOR when we were young and paid a ton of the mortgage on our first house off that way ( rates were 7% and we paid 2% or something). I think as one ages and has more options, they can pay off their house or not. Sometimes it’s worth it to have something to write off and sometimes it’s good to be able to have no bill and more cash flow. And that can also shift back and forth. Our house is paid ( we planned this for cash flow for college). We might take out a mortgage at some point if rates fall. Would help with income taxes.

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Makes sense. I think I misunderstood your point.

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