<p>Driver, I understand the fine line difference between the two terms. However, one thing to keep in mind is that this test is given to 10-12th graders. Also, there has to be ONE answer that is subtantially better, if not conclusively correct. The purpose of preparation manuals should be to illustrate conclusive examples, not to throw students into a spin of self-doubt and overly technical discussions. </p>
<p>For what it is worth, the writer of this test could have replace the word "infer" by "imply" and have a very good question. This obviously would have indicated that the only answer was ... derive. :)</p>
<p>Let's take a look at a source that is very common: dictionary.com. It may not be perfect, but pretty "normal" for a 16 to 18 years old to use when checking words.</p>
<p>INFER
Main Entry: Function: verb
Inflected Forms: inferred; inferring
transitive verb : *to derive as a conclusion from facts or premises * <could infer="" acceptance="" of="" the="" offer="" from="" offeree's="" response=""> intransitive verb : to draw inferences
Source: Merriam-Webster's Dictionary of Law, © 1996 Merriam-Webster, Inc.</could></p>
<p>v 1: **reason by deduction; establish by deduction [syn: deduce, deduct, derive] **2: draw from specific cases for more general cases [syn: generalize, generalise, extrapolate] 3: conclude by reasoning; in logic [syn: deduce] 4: guess correctly; solve by guessing; "He guessed the right number of beans in the jar and won the prize" [syn: guess] 5: believe to be the case; "I understand you have no previous experience?" [syn: understand]
Source: WordNet ® 2.0, © 2003 Princeton University</p>
<p>DERIVE
v 1: *reason by deduction; establish by deduction [syn: deduce, infer, deduct] * 2: obtain; "derive pleasure from one's garden" [syn: gain] 3: come from; "The present name derives from an older form" 4: develop or evolve, especially from a latent or potential state [syn: educe] 5: come from; be connected by a relationship of blood, for example; "She was descended from an old Italian noble family"; "he comes from humble origins" [syn: come, descend]
Source: WordNet ® 2.0, © 2003 Princeton University</p>
<ol>
<li> To obtain or receive from a source. </li>
<li> To arrive at by reasoning; deduce or infer: derive a conclusion from facts. </li>
<li> To trace the origin or development of (a word).
Source: Dictionary.com </li>
</ol>
<p>Now, this is for the replacement of "infer" by "imply". </p>
<p>Usage Note: Infer is sometimes confused with imply, but the distinction is a useful one. When we say that a speaker or sentence implies something, we mean that it is conveyed or suggested without being stated outright: When the mayor said that she would not rule out a business tax increase, she implied (not inferred) that some taxes might be raised. Inference, on the other hand, is the activity performed by a reader or interpreter in drawing conclusions that are not explicit in what is said: When the mayor said that she would not rule out a tax increase, we inferred that she had been consulting with some new financial advisers, since her old advisers were in favor of tax reductions.</p>
<p>:)</p>