This is terribly unfortunate but it is a consequence of your parent’s decision to stay in this country illegally. Nearly all countries have rules that severely limit access to undocumented aliens, likely Brazil does as well. Which means if Americans illegally overstayed a visa there, they would face the same obstacles.
It is also unfortunate that the means to get a Green Card weren’t pursued in the right manner.
You may have to return to your home country, get your degree there, and then go from there.
The future problem that you’re not understanding is that even if you got your degree here, virtually no company would hire you. Even with a green card, many companies won’t hire a CS degree. Many companies require citizenship. There are serious proprietary and security concerns that many high tech companies worry about.