<p>Maslow's hierarchy of needs details which drives we are motivated to accomplish first. At the bottom are biological drives - hunger, thirst, sexual, etc. At the top, self-actualization.</p>
<p>Q: Describe Hans Seyle's general adaptation syndrome.</p>
<p>A: Err.. I think Seyle's GAS stated how we manage our stress. First, we recieve the stressor and prepare for it. Secondly, we cope with our stress. Thirdly, if the stress continues too long, we get exhausted, and our alertness falls dramatically.</p>
<p>Q: Compare the James-Lange and Cannon-Bard theories (tip: Theories about emotion)</p>
<p>PS: I think its just us two here... videogames9 and me, haha. Anyways, I'll be here for an hour, so lets stay here Q&A each other... I think it's much more effective than just cramming stuff in front of a desk, under monotonous circumstances. Plus, I'm making my own study guide while doing this ;)</p>
<p>The general adaptation syndrome gives the stages a person goes through when stressed, in this order:
1) Alarm reaction: this is the initial reaction to the stressor
2) Resistance: the way by which a person copes with this stress
3) Exhaustion: a person becomes exhausted physiologically due to the stress and may fall to illness</p>
<p>Question: Name some of the results of Milgram's studies.</p>
<p>Heeey I'm here too!</p>
<p>James Lange is when a physiological change triggers an emotion, while Cannon-Bard is when physiological change and cognition of the emotion emerge simultaneously (think of it as a cannon)</p>
<p>Milgram's studies... my favorite.
Stanley Milgram found that we humans are very obedient and have a great capacity of becoming sadistic machines, such as the nazi officers at the gassing chambers in WWII. about 60% of participants performed electric shocks to the experimentors up to like 400 volts (?). This showed our obedience to orders</p>
<p>Sry ColdEggNog :p. I forgot about you.</p>
<p>Q: The two-factor theory was by whom? Describe the two-factor theory (yes, this is also a theory about emotion)</p>
<p>Sounds good. :) I'm self-studying Psych, but since I've never taken an AP exam before, I'm not sure what to expect. x_x</p>
<p>I was just reading about JAmes-Lange and Cannon-Bard earlier..Barrons doesn't really make it too clear for me. James-Lange is the theory in which people feel physiological changes first and then emotion. Cannon-Bard is when both (physiological and emotion) happen simultaneously.</p>
<p>I don't understand the difference between Cannon-Bard and two-factor theory. Care to explain to me? Thanks. Oh, and I might be wrong in my above answer...yeah.</p>
<p>I don't know about you guys, but I have the most problems in biological psychology.</p>
<p>Q: Define groupthink</p>
<p>Two-factor theory was by Schachter. It's when physical responses and cognition play a role in creating emotion (wow, I get it now. o_o)</p>
<p>I can explain, I had a project in Psych where we were given a topic about motivation, emotion, or stress, and had to present it to the class; mine was theories of emotion, so I'm golden on those.</p>
<p>Cannon-Bard theory is the theory of emotion in which a person experiences physiological changes and the emergence of the emotion simultaneously (I am on a roller coaster, and my heart is pounding, which at the same time, triggers my fear.)</p>
<p>The Schacter Two-Factor Theory explains that a physionlogical change and cognitive awareness of the emotion trigger the emotion itself (I'm on a roller coaster and my heart pounds. While my heart pounds, I think to myself... holy **** I'm afraid. As a result of these two acting together, I feel afraid.)</p>
<p>If that didn't explain it well enough, just remember that Cannon shoots the biological reaction and the actual emotion together out of a "cannon," and the Two-Factor Theory has two different factors that lead to the emotion. </p>
<p>Cogntive thinking of the emotion and the emergence of the emotion itself are different, and Cannon-Bard does not include this cognitive thinking; it simply launches the emotion with the physiological change.</p>
<p>Hopefully that made sense, and the definition in my previous post for Cannon-Bard was slightly off; I shouldn't have used cognition in my response.</p>
<p>^oh yeah, I also have the barrons book open right now. This is an awesome coincidence, haha :p</p>
<p>Anyways, I think the Two-Factor theory (by Schacter) is pretty much like the cannon-bard theory except that Cannon had overestimate the importance of the thalamus in our emotion, while Schacter said that both the biological and our cognitive label on that particular situation determine our emotion</p>
<p>Edit: Bah, coldegg beat me to it, and your explanation is much better than mine</p>
<p>"Q: Define Groupthink"</p>
<p>Umm...groupthink is when a group of people are together and often make irrational or hasty decisions and ignore or put aside individual thoughts in fear of upsetting the group balance.</p>
<p>Right?</p>
<p>Q: Describe the sleep stages that one undergoes...
hope that's not too vague.</p>
<p>That was a great explanation, thanks. :) It helps to listen to other definitions, though Barrons is generally pretty good in terms of relaying information.</p>
<p>Dang it, I have to go for a little while. :( I'll be back in fifteen minutes or so, keep those questions and answers coming, they're really helping me out.</p>
<p>I don't feel like describing the stages, but I do know that the order goes 1-2-3-4-3-2-1-REM then kind of repeats itself. Each stage lasts 90 minutes. REM is paradoxical and dream sleep. Stage 1 and 2 are the alpha wave stages. 4 is the deep sleep stage where sleepwalking occurs, also known as delta wave sleep. Stage 3 and 4 sleep decrease as the night goes on while REM sleep increases. That's the geist of it.</p>
<p>Differentiate between phoneme, morpheme, and syntax.</p>
<p>@coldeggnog
I'm kind of fuzzy on those terms, but it had to do with our ability to learn language. Phenomes are the sounds. Morphemes are the meanings (?). Syntax are the rules of grammar (?).</p>
<p>Q: Attachment theories? describe harry harlow's and mary ainsworth's experiments and their results</p>
<p>Harry Harlow did that one experiment with monkeys and milk bottles, something about animals wanting more than just food, they want comfort. </p>
<p>Ainsworth investigated human attachment; babies were left alone for a short while and reactions were recorded (most had secure attachments; cried when mothers left, some had avoidant attachments: freely explored, and some were kind of a mix of both).</p>
<p>Q: What is the only sense that doesn't need to go through the thalamus (if that makes sense)?</p>
<p>I believe the sense was the olfactory sense, smell.</p>
<p>Tommy doesn't want to go to Virginia Tech. When his mom asks him why, he says because of the shootings. When she asks what else he knows about VT other than the shootings, he says nothing. What is this an example of?</p>
<p>I'll give you hints.
A) Belief Bias
B) Ethnocentrism
C) Functional Fixedness
D) Availability Heuristic
E) Representative Heuristic</p>
<p>@video -> I think they were the reflexes, where info goes directly to the spinal cord and back to the organ that sent the sensory signal. (correct?)
Edit: Never mind. Thankfully I messed this question up @ CC and not in the real test :)</p>
<p>@Coldegg -> (D) ? I'm not too sure.</p>
<p>Q: Erik erikson's stages? when do we experience intimacy versus isolation?</p>
<p>^err....Doesn't the thalamus relay everything? If I had to guess I would say touch (I.E reflexes)</p>
<p>Cold- Choice D
@Kowloon- Intimacy v isolation occurs at the point where we become independent</p>