<p>Concerning the AAU: <a href=“https://www.aau.edu/WorkArea/DownloadAsset.aspx?id=13460”>https://www.aau.edu/WorkArea/DownloadAsset.aspx?id=13460</a> </p>
<p>From Wiipedia “AAU membership is by invitation only, which requires an affirmative vote of three-fourths of current members” “A spokesman for nonmember University of Connecticut called it “perhaps the most elite organization in higher education. You’d probably be hard-pressed to find a major research university that didn’t want to be a member of the AAU.”” Only four member universities have been added in the last 15 years: SUNY Stony Brook, Texas A&M, Georgia Tech, and Boston University. Over that same time, four universities were eliminated: Catholic University of America, Clark University, Nebraska, and Syracuse.</p>
<p>Concerning the US News Rankings, the Michigan Alumnus Magazine for Early Fall 2013, had a great article. It is not available for linking, but here is a copyrighted excerpt:</p>
<p>So how exactly does U.S. News & World Report rank colleges? First, to allow at least an arguably apples-to-apples comparison among types of institutions, it divides schools into categories based on mission, such as regional universities, liberal arts colleges, and- the most prominent category- national universities. Michigan belongs in the latter.</p>
<p>From there, the formula uses 16 measurements that try to quantify both the academic quality of students coming in (inputs) and capture something of the experience on campus (outputs). For national universities, the biggest single factor is a reputational survey of leaders of peer universities and guidance counselors, which counts for 22.5 percent of a score. A calculation of faculty resources (including percentage of full time faculty, percentage of classes with fewer than 20 students, and faculty compensation) accounts for 20 percent, as does graduation rate.</p>
<p>Measures of the quality of incoming students (acceptance rate, standardized test scores) count for 15 percent, while financial resources per student count 10 percent. A measure called “graduation rate performance” (indicating whether a school does better than expected at graduating students given their academic profile) counts 7.5 percent, and alumni giving 5 percent.</p>
<p>One thing all the factors have in common: they’re all controversial. Inputs measure the quality of students coming in, but say nothing about what happens to students on campus. The output measurements are all imperfect metrics of student success, and they say nothing about what they actually learn. But most criticized of all is the reputational survey, which critics call a vicious circle. In short, the people who fill out the reputation surveys, which are supposed to determine a college’s rankings, are consulting the rankings to decide what they think of a college’s reputation.</p>