GPA is not perceived as the best indicator of intelligence, standardized test scores are weighted more at many schools.
However, there are also schools where the essays matter a LOT, not just hours of community service but how that is leveraged into a great essay. I and my spouse reviewed my son’s essays, after begging him to use his English teacher as a reviewer. I hope your daughter used her teachers to review her essays.
The reality is that there are kids who do the work, get the A’s, and either don’t take the SAT enough or take it unprepared, or even worse (in this day and age of standardized testing), just are not good test takers. Some people go on about “it’s not fair, it’s teaching rote” but there are many standardized tests associated with not only graduate and professional schools, but also licensing for various professions. It is something that should be practiced; people complain that our state does so much standardized testing, but it pays off with a consistent top three ranking among the states in education.
My next-up son is taking the PSAT as a sophomore, and will take the PSAT as a junior then the SAT at least once, possibly twice during junior year. My oldest did that and had a great improvement from sophomore to junior year on the PSAT, and also a great improvement between his two SATs. He also has a senior year free of standardized tests except for his APs.
I think one of the biggest tragedies I have seen is GCs not recommending testing early and often. So many kids, even those in AP and Honors classes with my son, will wait until fall of senior year to take the SAT, and by then, there is no time to study for a second try. Or take it for the first time in May or June of junior year, and then have to worry about studying for the SAT while they are getting college applications together.
And yes, as others said, high GPA + disparate SAT score = grade inflation in most people’s minds. Any student with a weighted GPA over 4.0 but SAT scores in the 1900s is looked at with high suspicion. It is possible that a lower GPA and the same test score would not be looked at as negatively.
My advice is that if your daughter is still focused on schools she did not get into, she could reach out to their admissions and ask if they can give any feedback. I even know college students who retook the SATs during college to get a higher score. If she really wants one of the other schools, she should focus on preparing to transfer.