For medicine, all US medical schools (except perhaps some for-profit ones) are effectively elite; while ranking may matter, it does not matter that much. And medical school admissions are not particularly sensitive to undergraduate school ranking (for four year schools; some of them look down on taking courses at community colleges). Most of those admitted to medical school get only one admission, so they have no choice with respect to ranking or (typically very high) cost and debt.
Law employment is very law school ranking sensitive (see https://www.lstreports.com/national/ ), but law school admissions is mostly based on LSAT and undergraduate GPA, rather than undergraduate school ranking (see http://schools.lawschoolnumbers.com/ ). Law school is also typically high cost and debt.
In terms of âadvanced technologyâ, engineering employment is less school ranking sensitive than many other areas; computing can vary by employer. What ranking sensitivity there is tends to be based on in-major ranking, and is moderated by other factors (e.g. local/regional school preference).
But the areas of employment that are generally seen as most school ranking sensitive are ones that you did not name, such as management consulting and investment banking, though these are less strongly associated with particular majors.