I think @Publisher brings up a good point: there is always going to be some degree of variety among students within any given college. To be entirely honest, I think that a non-preprofessional culture and strong recruiting are conflicting objectives (you have to give up a little of one to get the other). But I also think that very pre-professional schools (Harvard, Columbia, Penn) have a strong cohort of students that aren’t there just to recruit with Goldman. So just know that no matter what, you will be able to find people like yourself.
I do really like your outlook: making the most of the present and learning (rather than GPA grubbing and always focusing on prestige) will give you a very satisfying career.
Good schools to look at are Brown (strong CS + very intellectual student body), Yale, and Swathmore. Good luck!!