My offspring finished high school a long time ago. Even back then, it was well known that the Asian and Asian-American kids had to do more to get into top colleges.
But that wasn’t entirely because of discrimination per se. It was because many, if not most, Asians in the same high school class had similar applications.
So, while the young Asian and Asian American kids in the documentary were all individuals, from a college admissions point of view, they were all applying for the same slots.
Alvan, for example, seemed like an exceptionally nice kid. But he said he wanted to be pre-med. That is probably the most common career aspiration for the children of working class Asian immigrants. There’s certainly fine, but no college is going to want an entire class of pre meds and among the pre meds it isn’t going to want an entire class of Asian males.
Another policy that hurts Asians is geographic diversity. A couple of decades ago, Princeton was infamous for this. If you were from NYC and weren’t a legacy or recruited athlete, you had to walk on water to get into Princeton. From my offspring’s high school, Princeton was a far tougher admit that Harvard, Yale or MIT. When a Princeton faculty committee started investigating Princeton admissions, they found that the emphasis on geographic diversity was the #1 factor in explaining why Jews were a far lower percentage of Princeton students than comparable schools. Jews and Asians are not randomly distributed throughout the US. So, if you have a quota for New Yorkers, particularly one specifically for the City, or one for Californians, you are keeping out Jews and Asians. If you make sure to admit students from Arkansas, Indiana, Iowa, Mississippi, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Tennessee, South Carolina, West Virginia, Utah, and Wisconsin, it’s unlikely many of them will be Jewish, because in all of those states, the population is less than 1% Jewish. New York is over 9% Jewish; Washington, DC over 8, New Jersey over 6%. So, say that you don’t want NYers to be over X% of the student body, give preferences for legacies–at least a couple of decades ago-- and athletes, and without having an official policy of limiting Jews, you’ll do it. (For that matter, Yale had quotas for BOTH Jews and Catholics until the mid-60s and the ones who got in rarely attended parochial schools. So, in the 80s and 90s few legacies were Jews or Catholics.)
The Asian population is also not distributed evenly. Hawaii is about a third. (And unless things have changed radically, Stanford is the “dream school” of most top students in Hawaii who are Asian-American.)California is over 15%, New Jersey is 10%; Washington, over 9, New York,9.
Now, the states that have high percentages of Jews don’t entirely overlap those with high percentages of Asians, but there are a number of states which do. So if you limit the number of kids from New York, New Jersey, and California, you’ll manage to limit the number of both Asians and Jews.
I am neither Jewish nor Asian, but I think that in the aggregate Jews and Asians have higher GPAs and test scores than other groups. So, pushing geographic diversity ends up hurting those groups, whether or not that is the intent.