two grammar questions

Test Preparation
1

<p>First one:</p>

<p>Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin used x-rays to discover the chemical structures of penicillin and vitamin B12, <em>winning a Nobel Prize for her work</em>.</p>

<p>I chose the replacement <em>she then won a Nobel Prize for her work</em>. I get why the original sentence is right, but why my choice is wrong?</p>

<p>Second one:</p>

<p>In addition to scientific talent, Santiago Romon y Cajal had artistic talent, <em>as is evidenced by the excellent drawings</em> in his papers about the nervous systems.</p>

<p>I chose the replacement <em>to be evidenced of in the excellent drawings</em>. As for this one, I don't understand both why the original sentence is right and why my choice is wrong.</p>

<p>I really suck at grammar, so even if the question is too easy, please give me some explanations.</p>

2

<p>In #1, your choice is wrong because you cannot have two independent clauses separated by a comma. You must use a coordinating conjunction after the comma to connect the two phrases, separate the two into 2 sentences, or use a semi-colon. </p>

<p>In #2, the original fragment is correct. I’m not quite sure how to explain it.
Your choice is wrong because “evidenced of” is the incorrect idiomatic expression. It should be “evidenced by.” Furthermore, the use of “to be evidenced” is the incorrect verb form.</p>