Your responses are insightful, but I am (as the post title suggests) very uninformed so I don’t understand exactly what you mean. It would be very helpful if you could clarify!
Which fields are PhDs consistently funded? STEM seems like an obvious one but what about in fields like Economics, Finance (is this common?) or in interdisciplinary studies like Middle Eastern/East Asian Studies?
What types of employers want English majors? What types would be willing to fund an MBA? It seems like those naturally will be competitive spots because the company is willing to fund your education AKA expanding your skill set, and giving you opportunity for mobility within the company. Do most employers have contracts that mandate you to work for them for a certain period of time after getting the degree?
This is true—I am attracted to LACs/YPS for the close professor relationships. What do you mean by Plan II?