@collegeboi12345
@CourtneyThurston @thumper1 and others have provided excellent advice so what I am about to write may not add much but here goes:
Yes, you are facing the reality of the middle class in that some of the most competitive schools in the country are going to be out of reach financially. There are thousands of qualified students across the US that are in a similar situation.
Happily there are MANY top schools that might be affordable to which you can still apply. Many of those options have been recommended up thread.
I urge you to check merit scholarship deadlines as some might already have passed (Nov. 1) and others are fast approaching (Nov. 15-Dec. 1)
Right now, I see as top-ranked options with merit possibilities: Rice, Wash U, Case Western, Duke (Robertson deadline may have passed), UVA (Jefferson deadline may have passed), Carnegie Mellon (check deadline) Vanderbilt, and USC.
You might also consider public universities in the WUE consortium where you might qualify for in-state or in-state x 1.5 tuition. However, if your budget is only 15K per year, they may also be out of reach.
https://www.wiche.edu/wue
BTW, many highly-qualified out of state students end up at ASU Barrett Honors by choice because of its strong reputation and merit awards for high stats OOS applicants. You would find many peers.
Schools in the UC system offer a limited number of very competitive merit scholarships (Regents and Chancellors). I believe that these may have a need-based component as well. It is possible that your friends might have received these coveted awards. It also sounds like that family might have had more than one student in college at the same time and changes the EFC formula. In any event, there may be aspects about that family’s finances about which you know nothing. Speculating about what others earn or pay is not particularly useful.
Finally, while you “might not mind” paying your EFC for MIT or Caltech, you may not have that choice. As mentioned several times up thread - your budget is limited to 10K per year provided by your parents plus 5.5K in federal student loan. That’s it, unless your parents are willing to pay for prestige out of income or through parent loans
Best of luck to you!