What are the 3rd and 4th tier schools?

Part of the ranking the student experience is separating the teaching quality of undergrads vs grads, and the quality of your peer group. A number of rankings list teaching quality as a separate factor. Peer quality can be inferred from the CDS (look at GPA distribution), if you are a bright student you’ll want to be around a similar set of students. This is where schools like Alabama can be quite surprising ; a very large percentage of students are on merit scholarships, many are in their engineering school, and Alabama is known for very good undergraduate teaching (look at the undergrad/grad ratio). So as @Mom2aphysicsgeek says, her kid(s) have had a great experience there. You might even say that the kids on merit scholarships are more serious students - because they need to maintain their scholarship.

Likewise, an elite school with ACT of 31/35 with a class of 1000 freshman is mostly indistinguishable from a slightly less elite school of 4000 with ACT of 29/33. In the first case you have 500 kids with ACT>33, the second 1000.

These name distinctions start to matter a lot more in grad school. That is where you will network the most.