If possible, try to think of the long term, not this little bump in the road (don’t look down into the pothole). A semester, a few credits, $5K in loans all matter very little over the next 4 or 5 years of getting your bachelors degree and even less over the the next decade or over your working life. Yes, this has been a rough patch and it must be hard to leave the fine CA school system and have to negotiate the Fla school system and a new job and home issues and more.
If you take this approach, it seems you should be talking to the school you are transferring to. Possibly you could take on-line classes towards your 4 year degree, maybe at a lower cost (or you consider self-studying some future classes so you can get easy As and maybe even work during your 4 year degree). Taking 2 classes and part-time job in spring and maybe even in summer may make sense, or it may not. Unless you make a full semester or year progress towards your degree, or catch up in math, or whatever, the credits you earn now, regardless of how difficult they are to afford or make time for, may not really make much of a difference to you.
Also, it is good to keep your own health and mental state in mind when choosing how to navigate the next year, if school is a pleasure, then treat yourself, if it is a chore, then work and make money to lower your stress, etc. How about a job that is similar to your future work field, maybe it can be sort of a co-op-lite experience or set up a co-op or part time opportunity in the future that would make paying for school much easier.
Maybe learn programming so you can get some flexible part-time work in the future.
The residency laws are not really fair, but life is also not always totally fair, at least on a day to day level (life has some ups and downs, the downs aren’t fair, but sometime the ups are luck or unfair too).
And don’t compare yourself to others. Sure some of them have had an easier road than you, but not all of them, and there are many years in your future to have good luck and good fortune come your way. The idea is to stay hopeful and grateful and to grab what life offers you and make the most of all of it. If you lead a happy stable financially reasonable life in your 30s, 40s, and beyond, it is a good life … and you have some good tales and a victory story to tell your grandchildren (and an excuse to not coddle your own kids since you did pull yourself up by the bootstraps to get where you are).