If you tell this to INS (Immigration and Naturalization Service) when you are trying to get your student visa, you will most likely be denied a student visa.
This has nothing to do with South Korea. This has to do with “not a US citizen or permanent resident”. The same would be true if you were from Montreal or Vancouver and lived only a few miles outside of the US.
Relying on immigrating to the US is a dangerous plan, particularly when debt is involved.
Let’s suppose that you were denied a visa and needed to return to South Korea. Would you be able to pay off the $50,000 debt working in South Korea?