What should be the first professional degree in engineering ?

<p>Engineers aren't a dime a dozen either. I have never once heard anyone claim that we have too many people study engineering or science. It is always the opposite way around. Why would we want even less kids going into the sciences? It's economic suicide, especially with China and India growing, to discourage kids from the sciences. </p>

<p>And why would a liberal arts + M.S. in engineering be attractive? Would you rather have someone with four years of engineering training or someone with a four year degree in "communication studies" and then a two year graduate degree in engineering? However, I could see the BS in engineering or BS in some sort of science plus a MS in engineering both becoming routes to the P.E.</p>

<p>This whole debate makes very little sense.</p>

<p>
[quote]
Why would we want even less kids going into the sciences?

[/quote]
People tend to be attracted to careers with high prestige and compensation. This could explain why the demand for law and medical school exceeds the supply, while engineering enrollments have been flat for 25 years. If so, then maybe raising the bar for engineering education will increase the prestige and compensation for engineering degrees, and then more people will want them. It's only a theory, but it seems to have worked out that way for the doctors and lawyers.</p>

<p>
[quote]
why would a liberal arts + M.S. in engineering be attractive?

[/quote]

The liberal arts + M.S. track is very attractive to people (mostly science and math majors) who didn't go to engineering school as undergraduates, but who become interested in engineering job opportunities later in life. Everyone knows someone who switched careers and went to law school or business school in their 30s or 40s. Why not provide comparable opportunities in engineering ? </p>

<p>
[quote]
Would you rather have someone with four years of engineering training or someone with a four year degree in "communication studies" and then a two year graduate degree in engineering?

[/quote]
Med schools and law schools don't care what you majored in as an undergraduate, as long as you meet a few basic pre-med or pre-law requirements. They can take in a "Communications Studies" B.A., and produce a neurosurgeon or an appellate judge. Is it really that much trickier to produce, say, a wastewater engineer?</p>

<p>
[quote]
This whole debate makes very little sense.

[/quote]
OK, if you don't like the idea of raising the bar, then how about lowering it ? Instead of adopting the M.S, we could make the 2-year Associate's degree the first professional degree for engineers, as in most "engineering technology" programs. Would this be a better way to raise the prestige of the engineering profession, and to encourage more good people to enter it ?</p>

<p>
[quote]
It's economic suicide, especially with China and India growing, to discourage kids from the sciences.

[/quote]

I really don't see how this would discourage too many people from the sciences. People who are truly interested in engineering will spend an extra year to get a MS. The people we might lose, however, are the ones who have no plans on being an engineer after school. Students who want to go to med school will be bio majors instead of chemEs. The ones who want to go into the financial sector will be econ majors. People who want to be an engineer... will still be an engineering major. And if the MS isn't required for an entry level job, but rather for licensure, it will have even a smaller effect on engineering enrollment.</p>

<p>In regards to China and India, this might be exactly the reason to require a MS. We will never be able to compete with those countries on the same level because labor is so much cheaper there. So what's the solution? Raise the quality of work, so we can't be replaced by foreign engineers... and we can do that by raising the education quality in the United States. Ideally, we would outsource tedious, time-consuming work to them for a low cost instead of using highly paid engineers here to do it. In fact, some companies already do that.</p>

<p>What about waive the FE exam for those who graduated from an accredited master of engineering program?</p>

<p>"we could make the 2-year Associate's degree the first professional degree for engineers, as in most "engineering technology" programs. Would this be a better way to raise the prestige of the engineering profession, and to encourage more good people to enter it ?"</p>

<p>We could also make it a doctorate. Why not only have doctor engineers running around? Then we would be awesome.</p>

<p>If India and China put enough pressure on us, market forces will cause people to seek higher education without mandating it. I recently wrote a paper about it, and saw it mentioned in the NYT. Market pressures cause people to go for Masters degrees. Mandating anything is a bad idea.</p>

<p>People who want prestigious engineering jobs <em>already</em> go to grad school. Then they're more qualified than BS engineers and get better jobs. This already happens. So why make everybody do it? If people need to do it, let them figure it out on their own.</p>

<p>"What about waive the FE exam for those who graduated from an accredited master of engineering program?"</p>

<p>That sounds reasonable. Alright, make it an alternative to the exam... that would provide an incentive for many to continue their education.</p>

<p>
[quote]
We could also make it a doctorate. Why not only have doctor engineers running around? Then we would be awesome.

[/quote]
Great idea. After all, that's exactly what the lawyers did. </p>

<p>The professional law degree used to be the "Bachelor of Laws" (LL.B.). In fact, there are still older attorneys around who have this degree. It used to be standard practice for lawyers to hold two bachelor's degrees: a B.A. from college and an LL.B. from law school.</p>

<p>But that didn't seem awesome enough. So they changed the title of the law degree -- not the curriculum or the time required, just the title. Now the exact same degree has been re-branded as the "Juris Doctorate" (J.D). And it was a brilliant move from a marketing standpoint. </p>

<p>Engineers, by comparison, seem possibly a bit deficient when it comes to marketing skills.</p>

<p>
[quote]
What about waive the FE exam for those who graduated from an accredited master of engineering program?

[/quote]
NCEES already recommends FE exam waivers for engineering PhDs. It's unlikely that they'll go any lower.</p>

<p>In the long run, it's more likely that the FE exam -- or something like it -- will become an entrance exam to the profession. Most other professional degree programs have rigourous, specialized entrance exams to screen out weak applicants: e.g. the LSAT for law school, the MCAT for med school, the GMAT for business school.</p>

<p>What's the entrance exam for a professional degree in engineering ?</p>

<p>Here are some interesting statistics regarding engineering and education statistics.</p>

<p><a href="http://www.ti.com/corp/docs/press/company/2003/c03033.shtml%5B/url%5D"&gt;http://www.ti.com/corp/docs/press/company/2003/c03033.shtml&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p>

<p>Engineering and Education Statistics</p>

<p>United States</p>

<p>-Bachelor degrees in engineering in 2001 were 65,195, down from 71,386 in 1988, an 8.6 percent drop. (2) </p>

<p>-For the same time period, electrical engineering degrees declined 47 percent, from 24,367 to 12,929. (2)</p>

<p>-Only 18 percent of American high school students were proficient in science in 2000. (1) </p>

<p>-Approximately 25 percent of all freshmen engineering students need remedial math. (1) </p>

<p>-Last year, 46 percent of Chinese students graduated with engineering degrees. In the US, that number was 5 percent. (1) </p>

<p>-Europe graduates three times as many engineering students as the US, Asia five times as many. (1) </p>

<p>-Less than two percent of U.S. high school graduates will earn an engineering degree. (1) </p>

<p>-In 2001, almost 60 percent of those receiving Ph.D.s in Electrical Engineering were foreign born. (2) </p>

<p>-Among the more than 1.1 million seniors in the class of 2002 who took the ACT Assessment college entrance exam, fewer than 6 percent planned to study engineering, down from 9 percent in 1992. (11) </p>

<p>-Even in the current economy, the unemployment rate for electrical engineers was 4.0 percent at the end of the third quarter 2002, below the national average. (3) </p>

<p>-Of those who enter engineering school, fewer than 40 percent complete the degree programs. (1) </p>

<p>-In a 2001 winter salary survey, electrical engineering BSEE graduates had an average starting salary of $50,850, with offers for hardware design positions starting at $55,000 and higher. (4) </p>

<p>-Less than 15 percent of U.S. students have the math and science prerequisites to participate in the new global high-tech economy. (1)
In the US, more students are getting degrees in “parks and recreation” than in electrical engineering. (6) </p>

<p>-US high school students who only complete Algebra 2 have a 40 percent chance of receiving a bachelor’s degree. The likelihood of receiving a bachelor’s jumps to 74 percent with the successful completion of pre-Calculus. (10)</p>

<p>
[quote]
If India and China put enough pressure on us, market forces will cause people to seek higher education without mandating it. I recently wrote a paper about it, and saw it mentioned in the NYT. Market pressures cause people to go for Masters degrees. Mandating anything is a bad idea.</p>

<p>People who want prestigious engineering jobs <em>already</em> go to grad school. Then they're more qualified than BS engineers and get better jobs. This already happens. So why make everybody do it? If people need to do it, let them figure it out on their own.

[/quote]
</p>

<p>So that means that you're advocating that doctors and lawyers should not be required to go to their respective grad schools, or any school at all for that matter, right? For example, your stance would be that if a high school dropout manages to pass the Bar exam, he should be allowed to legally practice law, right? I just want to make sure you're consistent.</p>

<p>
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I'll tell you what, sakky. If it ever happens, I'll buy you a coke. But if it happens and the economy goes to hell, you buy me a coke.

[/quote]
</p>

<p>I am not aware that the economy, or even just the field of law, went to hell when the ABA began mandating that most states require that lawyers actually hold law degrees before they could practice. Or when the AMA began to actually formally demand medical degrees (and a prior undergrad education before you could even go to med school). So why do you presume that the same would happen if engineering were to boost its educational requirements.</p>

<p>Don't get me wrong. I am not taking a stance one way or another as to whether engineering should or should not boost requirements. I am simply saying that there is no convincing a-priori evidence that doing so would automatically hurt the economy. The economy seemed to do just fine when other professions boosted their requirements, including some professions (i.e. medicine) that are arguably even more important to society. So why would the field of engineering be automatically different?</p>

<p>"For example, your stance would be that if a high school dropout manages to pass the Bar exam, he should be allowed to legally practice law, right? "</p>

<p>I would agree with the above statement and say the same thing should apply to all professions that have been mentioned above. This would put people on more equal footing and provide opportunities to level the playing field. Sort of along the same thing as adding "diversity" to the college campus.</p>

<p>You can require just an examination to pass, but those people who take this route will never make it in their professions. If you're looking to hire a lawyer, would you want one with a degree or without a degree? If you're looking for a doctor, would you want one who spent years in school learning and practicing? or just someone who passed a set of exams once? Don't know about you, but give me the one with the degree.</p>

<p>Would you want an engineer to design a bridge with no formal education in the field? I sure hope not.</p>

<p>Passing an exam alone doesn't demonstrate competence and knowledge.</p>

<p>It can be argued that the goods and services provided by engineers are qualitatively different from those provided by medical professionals. I believe that these qualitative differences do in fact lead to the difference. I don't see law and medicine as being anywhere near what engineering is. Don't get me wrong, they're not easy. But they are different socially, economically, etc. Just because it was done with them doesn't mean it should be done with engineers. You need a better reason than "why not?" to change something that works fine as it is.</p>

<p>And I think that examinations are fundamentally flawed, conceptually. I say, hire anybody who looks like they might do alright, and start them off with minimal responsibility. Then, after they demonstrate that they're competent, give them bigger and more far-reaching responsibilities. Fortunately, this is already how it is done, since the world is a sane place and this is the sane thing to do. On a side note, getting a degree does not demonstrate competence or knowledge, either. A degree is just a bunch of examinations.</p>

<p>I dislike the idea of making a master's education the minimum requirement for engineering. I believe the general requirement should remain a bachelor's. Does this mean I think master's degrees are worthless? No. Does it mean I deny that some associate's degree holders would make better engineers than bachelor's holders? No. But if one must generalize, I feel that a bachelor's degree is what the standard entry-level requirement should be, now, in the US.</p>

<p>
[quote]
On a side note, getting a degree does not demonstrate competence or knowledge, either. A degree is just a bunch of examinations.

[/quote]

I'll agree with you on that, but if you have a degree (passed many many exams), you're more likely to be competent than if you pass one exam. This is the reason engineers don't get licensed immediately after getting a degree; 4 years of experience is a fairly good indicator of competence. You'd be fired before that period is up if you weren't good at what you do.</p>

<p>I don't think we should get rid of the exams either, as they standardize the licensing process.</p>

<p>
[quote]
It can be argued that the goods and services provided by engineers are qualitatively different from those provided by medical professionals.

[/quote]
</p>

<p>Such a point can be argued, but has not convincingly been done so by anybody yet. I would be particularly interested in hearing how the goods and services provided by engineers are really that different from those provided by, say, architects. </p>

<p>
[quote]
I believe that these qualitative differences do in fact lead to the difference. I don't see law and medicine as being anywhere near what engineering is. Don't get me wrong, they're not easy. But they are different socially, economically, etc. Just because it was done with them doesn't mean it should be done with engineers. You need a better reason than "why not?" to change something that works fine as it is.

[/quote]
</p>

<p>But that's not the point you raised previously. You stated that there would have been market forces that would have implemented change. I question that. Specifically, I question exactly what market forces impelled other professions to upgrade their educational standards. </p>

<p>
[quote]
And I think that examinations are fundamentally flawed, conceptually. I say, hire anybody who looks like they might do alright, and start them off with minimal responsibility. Then, after they demonstrate that they're competent, give them bigger and more far-reaching responsibilities. Fortunately, this is already how it is done, since the world is a sane place and this is the sane thing to do.

[/quote]
</p>

<p>Well, I don't know about that. Is that how things are really done in the real world? Let's be honest. Most new law graduates have minimal experience with real-world law. Yet the fact of the matter is that the most elite law firm positions, the most prestigious and powerful judicial clerkships, and the most desirable nonprofit law jobs are going to be given to the guys who graduated at the top of their class from the top law schools, not to the guys with many years of practicing experience. Let's face it. Even if you've been out there practicing law for 30 years, you're still not going to get a judicial clerkship at the Supreme Court. That sort of job is likely to instead go to the guy who graduated at the top of his class from Harvard Law. To be a Supreme Court judicial clerk is to be in a position of tremendous responsibility, as what you do can potentially affect legal outcomes throughout the country. </p>

<p>Similarly, I can think of some engineering grads from MIT and Stanford who were immediately placed in positions of tremendous responsibility, more so than some other engineers who have decades of experience (but who had graduated from low-ranked schools and ended up working in companies that are not highly meritocratic and don't offer many opportunities for advancement). </p>

<p>Perhaps the best examples of all can be found in the professorial ranks. Let's face it. Even in the professional disciplines, many, probably most, newly-hired professors don't have significant real-world work experience. In fact, many of them have none at all. For example, consider Erik Demaine, who was hired to be a professor of EECS at MIT at the age of 20, the youngest professor in the history of MIT. He's never actually held a full-time job as an actual engineer in industry a day in his life. Yet he's now teaching engineering students. In short, Demaine has been put in a position of tremendous responsibility despite never having actually worked as an engineer in the real world. </p>

<p><a href="http://erikdemaine.org/cv.pdf%5B/url%5D"&gt;http://erikdemaine.org/cv.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p>

<p>Nor is Demaine a peculiar case. Many (probably most) of the engineering professors at MIT, Stanford, Caltech, Berkeley, and the other top engineering schools have never actually worked as real-world engineers. Granted, these profs are all brilliant researchers and academics. Yet the fact remains that they have little real-world engineering experience but are still responsible for teaching undergrads, most of whom will end up as real-world engineers. </p>

<p>
[quote]
On a side note, getting a degree does not demonstrate competence or knowledge, either. A degree is just a bunch of examinations.

[/quote]
</p>

<p>See above. The upshot is that it seems to me that some people out there do indeed land positions of high responsibility despite having minimal practical experience. </p>

<p>
[quote]
I dislike the idea of making a master's education the minimum requirement for engineering. I believe the general requirement should remain a bachelor's. Does this mean I think master's degrees are worthless? No. Does it mean I deny that some associate's degree holders would make better engineers than bachelor's holders? No. But if one must generalize, I feel that a bachelor's degree is what the standard entry-level requirement should be, now, in the US.

[/quote]
</p>

<p>I would still argue that for your position to be consistent, you should then also believe that a bachelor's degree should be sufficient for medicine or law, or at least, that a prior undergrad education should not be necessary before commencing studies in medicine or law. Why not? That's what happens in numerous European countries. For example, many people in the UK go to medical school straight after completing high school, without ever having attended any undergraduate program. Yet I am not aware of information that would lead me to believe that British doctors are conspicuously incompetent or undereducated. Are the health care challenges so different between the US and the UK that US doctors need a prior undergraduate education, but British doctors do not? I think that would be hard to argue. </p>

<p>That gets to my original point, which is that I am not aware of any market forces that would drive one nation to implement one sort of professional training system, but another to implement a different system. Whatever forces that would drive such differences would more likely be organizational and political, not market.</p>

<p>
[quote]
If you're looking to hire a lawyer, would you want one with a degree or without a degree?

[/quote]
In some states, it is still possible to become a lawyer without a law degree. But to do so, you need to get several years of work experience under a practicing attorney or judge (basically "apprenticeship"). </p>

<p>Suppose you have a choice between two attorneys who just passed the Bar Exam. One qualified after years of practical experience, but never attended law school. The other went to law school, but has never worked as an attorney in the Real World (the Bar Exam, unlike the PE exam, can be taken immediately after you graduate, and usually is). Given this choice, I would prefer to hire the unschooled lawyer with real-world legal experience, rather than the educated lawyer with none.</p>

<p>Abraham Lincoln qualified for the Bar by apprenticeship, and was considered a pretty good lawyer before entering politics. Even today, there is at least one State Supreme Court Justice (Hon. Justice Skoglund in Vermont) who has no formal legal education. Sure, I'd hire lawyers like that.</p>

<p>
[quote]
Suppose you have a choice between two attorneys who just passed the Bar Exam. One qualified after years of practical experience, but never attended law school. The other went to law school, but has never worked as an attorney in the Real World (the Bar Exam, unlike the PE exam, can be taken immediately after you graduate, and usually is). Given this choice, I would prefer to hire the unschooled lawyer with real-world legal experience, rather than the educated lawyer with none.

[/quote]
</p>

<p>I agree with you on that. However, my comparison was between two lawyers with no professional experience, but both having passed the BAR exam.</p>

<p>So where do you stand, sakky? This is an opinion thread, and it seems like all you're good for is debunking other people's opinions.</p>

<p>I don't necessarily believe that doctors or lawyers need the <em>extra</em> education. Why they decided to enhance requirements, I don't really know or care. I don't think the requirements should be arbitrarily changed. Give me a good reason - and no, professional societies having prestige-hungry wet-dreams is not a good reason - and then we can talk. I've not seen a single good reason for doing it in this thread. Perhaps you can refresh my memory, though?</p>

<p>I don't feel the bachelor's degree covers everything you need to know to start off as an engineer. My undergrad institution actually pretty much squeezed 1/2 a master's degree into our bachelor's degree; instead of requiring the standard 120 credits, I needed 135 credits to graduate. And you know what? It's still not enough to be honest. There were a few big topics on the discipline-specific section of the FE exam which we did not cover (though we were good for general section). I'm at a different institution now for a MS, and I look at their undergrad curriculum and I see the same problems. </p>

<p>There's really nobody to blame though because I couldn't really say that one course could be replaced by another in the curriculum and students would be better off. It's just simply too much to squeeze into 8 semesters. The engineering world won't fall apart if the educational requirements aren't changed, but it will certainly benefit if they do.</p>

<p>
[quote]
You can require just an examination to pass, but those people who take this route will never make it in their professions. If you're looking to hire a lawyer, would you want one with a degree or without a degree? ... my comparison was between two lawyers with no professional experience, but both having passed the BAR exam.

[/quote]
It is possible (though uncommon) in certain states to obtain a professional license without going to professional school. In California, for example, you can qualify for the Bar exam without a law degree, or for the PE exam without an engineering degree.</p>

<p>But in all such cases that I know of, the state boards demand a lot of supervised professional work experience -- much more than you would need if you had a degree -- in order to qualify for the licensing exam. It's not a "shortcut". In effect, you are still required to get an appropriate education; however, the presumption is that you get it on the job, rather than in the classroom.</p>

<p>So in practice, you can't compare degreed and non-degreed lawyers, and assume that they both have no professional experience. If a non-degreed lawyer has passed the Bar (and it does happen, though rarely), then that individual must have had several years of approved prior work experience in order to qualify. </p>

<p>I don't think anyone is suggesting that engineers, lawyers, or other professionals should be licensed without either education or experience. If someone who wants to take a professional licensing exam without a formal degree, then it seems reasonable to require a long history of supervised work experience first.</p>