Why are American universities and med schools so expensive when other countries are doing it right?

It depends. British and Irish universities have active Student Unions and “halls” for first-years.
But French, German, Italian, Finnish… universities rely on the city they’re in. Students go to the doctor’s or health center in town. They use the town’s sports clubs. If they want tutors, they must look for them and pay for them. They live with their parents and commute, or share an apartment and commute, or live in a studio in town, or sometimes in private student residences. Often, there’s no “campus”, but rather a group of buildings in the city, with major streets and few pedestrian areas (very rarely a “quad”). The buildings may be set in the same neighborhood loosely linked by common subjects… or may be a 30mn tram ride apart