Why are American universities and med schools so expensive when other countries are doing it right?

The US college system and rest of the world really aren’t comparable for many reasons.

Remember the EU and other countries that offer ‘free’ tuition have completely different offerings than US colleges and that overall tax burdens tend to be higher at least in EU.

EU unis are typically 3 years not 4, have relatively few gen-ed requirements (e.g., no writing, or multi subject exposure), there is generally no on campus housing or food service, there’s relatively little programming (speakers, concerts, clubs), no mental health services, limited advising (academic, pre-professional), no fitness facilities, and no athletic teams…really a very different college experience.

Lastly many of the countries with ‘free’ tuition have a lower proportion of college educated population than the US as well. Per the OECD as of 2018, the US% of 25-64 year olds who have completed college is 47%, Germany 29%, Denmark 28%, Finland 45%, Poland 30.0%.

There are advantages and disadvantages to every system, if you like one better, there is often the opportunity to attend.