~ World History Essay Peer Study Review ~

<p>Hey everyone! I've been trying to look for good World History reviews throughout the forums, and there aren't that many. I suppose not that many people on here are taking it this year. Regardless, I thought this might be a good idea.</p>

<p>This isn't your standard "ask a question and then answer" type review thread. Here, I'd like for us all to contribute possible essay questions for the exam. (Change and Contrasting, Change Over Time, and DBQ)</p>

<p>Here is how it will work:</p>

<p>~ One person gives an essay question, with one of the three types of essays in mind. Please ask about general things like they do on the actual exam. You might also want to give some choice in it.</p>

<p>~ Someone answers the essay question, either in a complete or shortened form (writing a complete essay is a good way to see what you know about it).</p>

<p>~ Others may choose to grade that person's essay as harshly as he/she deems necessary (on a scale 1-9). Please only grade if you are familiar with the criteria.</p>

<p>You can ask a DBQ question; however, this may be difficult. If you want to ask one, just use popular document names that people should be familiar with: "Columbus' journals," "Hammurabi's Law Code," and the "Gilgamesh Epic" are good examples.</p>

<p>Hopefully, we can get some good essay questions and responses. (Challenge--time yourself)</p>

<hr>

<p>I will collect some of the best essay prompts here for studying purposes.</p>

<p>I’ll get us started. Here’s a Compare & Contrast question:</p>

<p>Choose TWO of the following areas and explain how they each became more interconnected with the rest of the world between 600 and 1450. Be sure to explain their position in the world’s affairs at the start of this period. </p>

<p>China
India
Western Europe
Eastern Europe
Africa
The Middle East</p>

<p>I’ll ask another (REALLY) easy one while working on I3auer’s. </p>

<p>Compare and Contrast two of the following religions, both their philosophy and their effect on the history of their region:</p>

<p>Hinduism
Buddhism
Confucianism
Islam</p>

<p>Confucianism isn’t a religion.</p>

<p>Anyways, can we also use this thread to post essays that we’ve written but are not relevant to any of the listed topics? I’d like for some experts to critique mine, especially since World History is the first AP test I am taking.</p>

<p>Excellent idea-- that would be great! Peer reviews are excellent ways to improve writing techniques. Feel free to post any past essays you’ve written. You may even want to try writing them again, to see how much information you can recall off the top of your head.</p>

<hr>

<p>Confucianism actually is a religion (in the . . . some sense of the word). I honestly don’t know why. It’s more of a philosophy, but everything classifies it as a “Major Religion.”</p>

<p>I’ll try to do that question. Thanks for contributing, you two!</p>

<p>"Compare and Contrast two of the following religions, both their philosophy and their effect on the history of their region:</p>

<p>Hinduism
Buddhism
Confucianism
Islam"</p>

<hr>

<p>Both Buddhism and Hinduism developed around the same time and have had profound effects on the societies they were held dominant in.</p>

<p>Around the fifth century BCE, Buddhism and Hinduism both emerged in India as major world religions. One of the starting differences between the two is that Buddhism was founded by Buddha, or “the Enlightened One.” Hinduism, however, had no distinct founder, instead created by a cultural fusion between the cultures and ideas of the Aryan invaders and the Dravidian inhabitants of the Indus Valley. </p>

<p>In simplicity, Hinduism is a polytheistic religion that helped reinforce the caste system of classical India. By holding true to one’s caste (called dharma), a person could be reincarnated as a higher class in his/her next life. The ultimate goal was to reach and be unified with the “Brahman,” or the worldly spirit. This religion was quickly adopted by most rulers because it gave them a certain extent of goodness-- their souls were good enough to be reincarnated to the top of the society. It was also very popular among the lower castes, because it gave them hope of better future lives and helped reinforce all people’s positions in society.</p>

<p>While Buddhism also believed in reincarnation to an extent and had the ultimate goal of achieving their form of natural divinity (nirvana), it differed in that it severely disagreed with the caste system. It supported the idea that anyone could reach nirvana, if they led a good enough life on earth. Though Buddhism became popular at times in India (such as the adoption of it by the emperor Ashoka), its discouragement of the caste system often gave it less appeal than other religions like Hinduism. This is perhaps the most profound reason that Hinduism became dominant in India and Buddhism became held dominance elsewhere in Asia, most notably China. </p>

<p>Ultimately, while both religions shared similar ideals and religious views, they were hugely different from each other in regards to their views on the caste system. Because of this, both religions developed fairly separately and in many different ways.</p>

<p>I would like to share my DBQ essay to see what others think of it and how I can improve on the next one I write. I used the DBQ prompt and documents provided in the Princeton Review 2010 study guide practice test 1From</p>

<p>The prompt is…</p>

<p>“Using the following documents, discuss the barriers women have worked for more equal treatment in society. Consider the goals and methods of such campaigns. What additional kinds of documents would be useful in attempting to answer these questions?”</p>

<p>My essay is as follows…</p>

<pre><code> From the documents provided, it is clear that barriers prohibited women from receiving equal treatment in society. Women were undeniably denied the same rights given to men that prevented equal treatment, as shown by documents 1, 2, 3, and 5. Customs, whether traditional or religious, gave women specific roles that often denied them equal treatment in society (doc. 4, 6, 7). To better understand whether women had a skewed view in regards to what they considered a barrier to equal treatment, a document written from a male perspective would be useful to provide alternative views on the treatment of women.

Throughout history, most cultures have made women subservient to men. In the times of the Oppian Law in ancient Rome, only men were allowed to enjoy the benefits of private wealth while women could not even purchase luxurious goods (doc. 3). Of course, the women of this time period were eventually able to get the law repealed by protesting the tribunes’ vetoes. Women in the late nineteenth century were denied the right to vote that men had, even though they worked just as hard as their male counterparts did (doc. 1). In South Africa, during the mid-twentieth century, women also strived for voting rights in addition to the employment opportunities, property rights, etc., that men had (doc. 2). As the aforementioned document was written in a formal, non-opinionated tone by a group of women, is it difficult to determine whether there was a dominant bias in the writing of this document. In the early times of the Industrial Revolution, women faced arguably unfair working conditions, having an average of 20-hour work days with detrimental consequences to their health (doc. 5). As this particular document was written in the voice of one of said working women, there may be a particular bias as to how unfair the document makes the working condition of the women of the era out to be, although the writer does say that men did not go through such working conditions themselves. From these documents, it is evident that women had to live under vastly different working conditions than their male counterparts and that they had to ask for various reforms to receive equal treatment in society. Even so, it may help to have a document outlining the lives of women in a more egalitarian society (such as China under Zedong) to serve as a reference point to the unequal lives of women presented in the given documents.

Another factor that served as a barrier to equal living conditions for women was customs that gave women specific roles in their lives. In the early 100’s C.E., women living in China were instructed to never question their parents’ wishes, despite “how wrong they might be” (doc. 4). As this document was written by Ban Zhao, a Confucian, there is an obvious bias as to how she believed women should have acted in the time period, primarily because Confucianism, the dominant philosophy of the region during the given time period, stressed following and accepting your role in life. In the early 1800’s in an unspecified region, widows were burned alive because they were thought to have little to no purpose in life because they couldn’t remarry and had limited rights (doc. 7). However, because this document was written only in the point of view of an advocate, it is difficult to tell whether women of the culture truly felt that dying was preferable to living with limited rights; ergo, they had very little say in the matter, in retrospect to this document. Aung San Suu Kyi acknowledges that women had been restricted to the home and family for most of history but goes on to state that the changing customs will continue to enhance the equal treatment of women (doc. 6).

Women have had to real with rights granted to men but not to them and established customs in order to get fair and equal treatment. Among some of the methods they used to strive for equality were protests, holding conferences, and asking for reform.
</code></pre>

<hr>

<p>Here are some of the problems I had when writing this essay:</p>

<ul>
<li>I took WAYYYYYYY to long to write it (about 1 hour - 90 minutes), but I am now familiar with the areas I am struggling and taking the most time on, so I will work on that.</li>
<li>I also had a bit of trouble interpreting the prompt at the beginning, but I think I got it down for the most part.</li>
</ul>

<p>Anyways, thanks in advance for any critique.</p>

<p>Thanks for your essay. Here are my opinions (see below for a score):</p>

<p>…> I have a pretty big problem with the thesis, in that it really diverts from what the essay prompt is asking you to discuss. It asks you how women have “worked” for more equal treatment in society. Your thesis does not need to say “Women have had barriers.” It needs to address how women have worked against them. It’s very easy to get sidetracked from the question like this-- be careful.</p>

<p>…> There’s nothing wrong with the additional document in the thesis, but I feel like it’s a bit out of place. I feel like the additional document is best in a specific grouping that it best fits in. Also, you need to go more in-depth about the additional document. Why would it be beneficial to see a man’s point of view? How would it differ? I know it seems like common sense, but you really have to show you know what you’re talking about. You must analyze the need for an additional document.</p>

<p>…> It’s fine to reference documents according to their number, but it’s always better to address by the titles when referring to specific documents (unless the titles are really long).</p>

<p>…> At the beginning of each argument (paragraph), make a “paragraph thesis” in which you list the documents for the readers’ ease. Instead of “this happened,” say “these documents (list) help prove that this happened.”</p>

<p>…> I can’t really grade your groupings because I don’t have the documents.</p>

<p>…> If you were having problems with timing, you can skip the conclusion (it isn’t graded). In addition, you can make your introduction just a thesis-- with only one sentence.</p>

<p>…> Good job with bias and prejudice! However, I only noticed two analyses of points of view. This is acceptable, but it’s less than great, and you risk the grader missing it (and you certainly wouldn’t get any expanded core points for it). </p>

<p>Here is the breakdown. Ask if you have any questions:</p>

<p>Acceptable Thesis: (0) / 1
Interpreting Documents: (1) / 1
Supporting Thesis: (2) / 2
Point of View: (1) / 1
Group: (1) / 1
Add. Doc: (0) / 1</p>

<p>Subtotal: (5) / 7</p>

<p>No Expanded Core Points</p>

<p>Thanks a lot for your help! Actually, I included the additional document bit in the opening paragraph because Princeton Review says it can serve as a good transition paragraph. Anyways, I will take your suggestions into mind, specifically in writing my thesis and making my points a bit clearer.</p>

<p>I haven’t written any comparison essays yet, so I can’t really help on yours at the moment. Once I feel more comfortable with them, I will be glad to help!</p>

<p>Ok, awesome!</p>

<p>If anyone wants to ask a question, answer my first one, or grade my essay, please do :)</p>

<p>I3auer, is the essay you wrote sufficient in length? You definitely hit all of the points required in the given rubric, but from what my teacher has told my class, an essay of that length would not fare well with the readers. My teacher is pretty crazy though, and she barely knows anything about the actual AP test, so I’m not criticizing you. I’m just asking if in your experience that essay’s of that length have received good grades from your teacher.</p>

<p>Actually, no. It is only about 2/3 of what my teacher expects the length to be :confused: That being said, I didn’t really plan that essay, so I didn’t get all my thoughts down well enough.</p>

<p>Thanks for your response!</p>

<p>I have a few more essays that I’ve written, if anyone wouldn’t mind critiquing them…</p>

<p>Change-over-time and Continuity:</p>

<p>"Discuss how technological changes since 1750 have had an impact on family structure in one of the following nations. Be sure to include continuities as well as changes.</p>

<ul>
<li>China</li>
<li>Japan</li>
<li>India</li>
<li>Great Britain"</li>
</ul>

<p>The average family structure of Great Britain was impacted in numerous ways as a result of the technological innovations introduced from 1750 onward. The introduction of the cotton gin and especially the steam engine began to shift family life more from the home to the factories as urbanization reached its peak. Technology did not, however, change the roles of the individuals of the family. Nevertheless, to better understand these impacts, it is important to consider how the family structure in Great Britain was originally like.</p>

<p>In the time period spanning from 1750 to the start of the Industrial Revolution, family life and structure was centered around rural conditions. Families often lived and worked in small farms. The father was in task of working and supporting the family, while the mother was left to raise the children. The roles of both father and mother was clearly defined in this time period, as they each had their own respective tasks.</p>

<p>The Industrial Revolution of the 1800’s introduced new technologies that greatly changed family structure. As factories were being built after the introduction of the steam engine, urbanization led to families leaving their farms and moving to cities where they could earn more money. Eli Whitney’s cotton gin lessened the need of the domestic system, which also led to increased urbanization. Once families moved to the cities, women and children were expected to work at a local factory. Harsh working conditions and long working hours meant that the family was often separated. Sometimes, women and children would even live in a boardinghouse provided by the factory, further changing the original family structure. However, women and children could now pursuit their own interests, something which they could not do before. Indeed, the technological innovations that led to the Industrial Revolution centered family structure around working independently in factories instead of working together in the farms.</p>

<p>While technological innovations after 1750 may have affected how often the family saw each other, etc., they did not affect each member’s role in the family structure. The father still remained head of the house. Women were denied certain privileges, such as voting rights, until the 1900’s. Only the son could receive a formal education while daughters were expected to support the house. Women and children’s roles did not largely change until the mid-twentieth century, but the cause was more a need for employment during the World Wars moreso than technological changes.</p>

<p>Technological changes since the 1750’s impacted family structure by shifting the focus of the family to working in the factories. The individual roles of each member did not change as a result of technological changes, mainly because women still treated as being inferior to men.</p>

<p>Karl Marx asserted, “religion is the opiate of the masses.” Using ONE of the relogions below, compare and contrast the role the religion has played in promoting or impeding societal change. Consider specific reolutions, texts and religious leaders in answering the question.</p>

<p>Christianity
Buddhism
Hinduism
Islam
Judaism</p>

<p>I would really appreciate if someone could help me in how to write this essay
like an outline…or so
sample essay could also help </p>

<p>thanks</p>

<p>Hey, that’s from the Princeton Review study guide that I have!</p>

<p>Anyways, I wrote an essay over this. What I did was concentrate on the major events that affected society in some way, namely the Crusades, the Inquisition, and the Protestant Reformation. The Crusades and the Inquisition impeded societal change because during both eras, heretics were persecuted, etc. During the Protestant Reformation, Luther showed that it was ok to question Christian ideals, so it promoted societal change basically. Some similarities might include that Christians continuously sought converts, as demonstrated by the Jesuits’ visits into China and Japan and the forced conversion of native populations in the Americas.</p>

<p>a really good example for religion fueling/impeding societal change is Gandhi, though the religious influence is not as obvious as the Crusades. nevertheless, Gandhi was obviously influenced by Christian beliefs, having studied in Europe, as well as Hindu beliefs, since he was born in India. </p>

<p>you could also talk about all the nations who tried to abandon their traditional beliefs in order to modernize, as they believed that their traditions impeded industrialization, and that Westernization was inevitable if they wished to compete in a global economy. examples: china trying to abandon traditional Confucian beliefs (New Culture Movement), secularization/straying away from Islam in Turkey during Ataturk’s rule. etc. etc.</p>

<p>The changes and continuities in the Civil Service in China</p>

<p>or</p>

<p>Trans-Saharan trade? </p>

<p>These are also my predictions for the CCOT this year btw ;D</p>

<p>thanks for the help!!!
I dont really know much details about the Protestant Reformation or the Crusades but will the Iranian Revolution (Islam) work?</p>

<p>Promoting:
-back to a theocracy led by Ayatollah Khomeini
-Teachings of Islam the law (Shiite clerics in charge)
-parliamentary regime based on Euro models</p>

<p>Impeding:
-Modernization/Westernization
-Womens rights (i dont have specifics)</p>

<p>Sounds ok to me.</p>