<p>11.Twice as many bird species inhabit Ecuador (as in) north Am.
a.as in
b.as inhabit
c.instead of in
d.when compared to
e.than</p>
<ol>
<li><p>Mr. Johnson's assumption that a teenager had robbed his house being unfounded, for the witnesses described the person they had seen fleeing as a woman in her 40's.</p></li>
<li><p>Both her work on community service projects and her dedication to learning has gained Ms. Stevens the respect of the entire faculty.</p></li>
</ol>
<p>I thought the answer was E because "has gained" is in the correct plurality in agreement with the subject of the sentence "both"?</p>
<ol>
<li>Although familiar to us from representations in ancient art, war chariots are rare museum artifacts because by the sixth century B.C. they were no longer used in battle.</li>
</ol>
The sentence is comparing how many bird species inhabit Ecuador to how many bird species inhabit North America. So B would be correct since it finishes the comparison. A would be incorrect since it has no verb (which you need, and cannot omit) and uses the preposition “in,” which is irrelevant (although related in meaning to “inhabit,” grammatically misplaced). The other answer choices are incorrect since the structure “twice as many” calls for a second “as.”</p>
<p>Here is an example of a sentence with the same structure:
There are three times as many stars as we thought there were.
This sentence is comparing how many stars there ARE to how many stars we THOUGHT there were. The verbs (“are” and “thought”) are different here, but the structure of the sentence is the same. When the verbs are the same (“inhabit” and “inhabit”), you simply repeat the verb.
The “for” in this sentence means “since.” In the sentence structure I brought a jacket with me since the forecast said that it would be cold that day, “I brought a jacket with me” is the independent clause, and “since the forecast said that it would be cold that day” is a dependent clause. For the sentence to be complete, there needs to be an independent clause (with a verb). So you should be able to omit, or put in parentheses, the dependent clause in that sentence and still have a coherent, complete sentence: I brought a jacket with me (since the forecast said that it would be cold that day). </p>
<p>Mr. Johnson’s assumption that a teenager had robbed his house being unfounded (for/since the witnesses described the person they had seen fleeing as a woman in her 40’s) is not a complete sentence. “being unfounded” should be “was unfounded.” Mr. Johnson’s assumption was unfounded, since the witnesses said otherwise.
“Both” signals that the subject of the sentence is composed of two noun phrases, meaning the verb has to be plural: “has gained” should be “have gained.” Two things have gained Ms. Stevens respect. “Both” is an adjective; it’s not the subject of the sentence. The two nouns are essentially the subject of the verb.
No error.</p>
<p>(A) “Although” is a conjunction that sets off the dependent clause to contrast our familiarity of war chariots with their rarity (although they are familiar to us, they are rare).</p>
<p>(B) “from representations [in ancient art]” tells us where the war chariots appear (they appear in representations), in order to tell us how they became familiar to us. In other words it tells us the source of our familiarity. War chariots have become familiar to us from (or through) representations in ancient art.</p>
<p>(C) “because by” is grammatical in that “because” tells you why war chariots are rare (they are rare because people stopped using them a long time ago) and “by” is part of the phrase “by the sixth century B.C.” which tells you when people stopped using war chariots.</p>
<p>(D) “no longer” means “not any more”: They were not used any more; they were used no longer; they were no longer used.</p>
<p>11) B for parallelism
14) A. It should be “was” unfounded.
23) B. Two things joined with an “and” are followed with “have” not “has”.
28) I think the answer is E but it might be B if “from” is used incorrectly.</p>