<p>civil rights act of 1964 is the big one I think. It outlawed discrimination against race AND gender in public facilities.</p>
<p>Baker V Carr: one man, one vote, </p>
<p>Shaw v Reno: Redistricting based on race must be held to a standard of strict scrutiny under the equal protection clause </p>
<p>Texas V Johnson: flag burning is protected form of speech</p>
<p>Um, I know about substantive vs procedural democracy. Substantive is based on substance or a gut feeling of what should be done. Procedural (or majoritarian) is based on what constituency (the people) think and the idea that people's opinions are crucial to decision making. So apply that to the court of law and it should be the same.</p>
<p>Hope you're all not asleep! Yeesh, you would think all of us procrastinators would unite!
Alright, so as I recall, (I fried my brain, so I'm not positive) hard money is money specifically contributed towards a campaign? It's limited and easily traceable. Soft money and hard money really differ in how they are used. I know someone before said that soft money is illegal, but I'm pretty sure that is false. Soft money can be used to bash another candidate or promote a single person as long as they are not explicity promoted(i.e. you can't say, "Hillary sucks, vote Obama" in a commercial paid for with soft money, but you can criticize Hillary if you don't say explicity "vote for Obama"). Most of the review books I've read have stated that soft money is usually contributed to the party and the party allocates it.</p>
<p>i saw a question about fiscal and monetary policy and i thought i would try my hand at it...</p>
<p>fiscal policy is T-G=0 (balanced budget) when you Increase Taxes and decrease government spending you decrease aggregate demand, which would help the government out of inflation. switch it around and you get out of a recession. note that increasing taxes and or decreaseing government spending will give you a budget surplus, vice versa you get a budget deficit. problems with fiscal policy include political time lag, political agreement, and politicians figuring out what the hell is going on. fiscal policy is backed by Keynes.</p>
<p>monetary policy is covered by the FED and the FOMC (federal open market committee or something) either changing the reserve requirement, discount rate, or buying or selling bonds.
RR/DR down, AD up
and vice versa
OMO (Open market operations)
Buy, AD up
Sell, AD down</p>
<p>mostly the FED deals in OMO</p>
<p>note that buying bonds increases the supply of money, which decreases the interest rate</p>