Before opining on quarter vs. semester systems, I just wanted to clear up a quick misconception – Stanford’s Law, School, like its undergraduate schools, run on the quarter system. So does its medical school.
https://www-cdn.law.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/2018-19-academic-calendar-1.pdf
Quarters and semesters each have advantages and disadvantages, depending on the subject material, students’ individual learning styles, and the classes themselves. With quarters, the pace is obviously quicker and there’s less wiggle room when it comes to procrastination. They’re great for students with good time management skills and that don’t allow themselves to fall behind. They’re rougher for those that have trouble staying on top of the material and tend to procrastinate.
Semesters are great if you love the material and really want to sink your teeth into a subject and/or undertake a large research project. Quarters probably work less well for grad school students than they do for undergraduates.
Quarters allow students to take more classes (minimally, nine classes per year assuming only three classes per quarter. At Stanford, however, most students in the humanities and social sciences typically take four classes per quarter, ranging from 3 to 5 units apiece; many classes are offered varying numbers of credits, with expectations regarding output varying accordingly. I can’t speak about STEM courses, as I am less familiar with them and I don’t know how labs fit in. More often than not, students take at least 12 classes a year.)
One thing that great about quarters is that breaks are really breaks – no final exams, midterms or other work looming after winter and spring vacations. It’s also nice to start fresh three times a year (while everybody else on the semester system is heading into finals and writing papers after their spring break, students on the quarter system start a whole new set of classes).
The biggest downside of the quarter system is that the school year ends later (beginning to middle of June) which, in turn, can put students at a disadvantage with respect to internships and/or summer class schedules at other institutions. That said, there are no shortage of schools that run on the quarter system, so employers/lab supervisors have dealt with students on the quarter system before. Likewise, profs will usually work with you to allow you to get your work done sooner so that you can start an internship or a job.
On the whole, I think that, depending on the student, quarters can offer more advantages than disadvantages.