<p>It is complicated. The bottom line, however, is that there are not very many colleges that guarantee to meet 100% of need. That is need as they define it, by the way, and may include loans as aid. When you are looking at colleges, look at US News & World Report to find out what percent of need each one that your son likes tends to give. Also look at what the breakdown of the aid is, grants vs loans. Then look at the cost of the college. Look at the statistics like the average test scores at the college, and you can get some idea how desirable a student your son is to that college. Look also if the college offers merit money, and what % of kids get that. </p>
<p>You can do a quick analysis of need using the FAFSA calculaltors that can give you what is called an EFC (Expected Family Contribution). If low enough, your son can qualify for the PELL grant and any state monies available for that purpose. The EFC does not guarantee your son money beyond that and Stafford Loan subsidization eligibility, but if the colleges have other government programs such as Perkins loans and SEOG, your son could be eligible for those.</p>
<p>When you need money, you have to cast a wide net. Financial safeties are very important and should be the first schools you identify. What colleges do you know you can afford and that he can gain admissions? Work outward from there.</p>