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A Dream Deferred was written in 1998, and some (not all) things have changed in the last nine years. For example, Dr. Steele mentions how the ebonics movement was once within inches of mainstream approval. Yet, I was castigated by AdOfficer for asking whether or not cultural relevance referred to ebonics. Hmm, I wonder why.
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I am not sure, but perhaps it was because you are promulgating some popular misconceptions about the Ebonics Movement. Btw, I am not at all sure I support this movement. But I know it tries to address an issue (simply, and creatively I might add) that is near and dear to my heart. I don't think it has had a fair hearing because too many people attacked it before understanding it.</p>
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Nevertheless, money itself is not enough. It depends on how it is used. Funding programs that attempt to pass off grammatically incorrect English as a viable language for classroom instruction is a waste of money.
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I want to encourage you to try to overcome this bias and actually see what the movement tried to accomplish. I think you will find it has been unfairly maligned.</p>
<p>This is a very huge and complex matter. It was not an assault on English. It was an attempt to reach black kids where they live every day. You know, black English has so much culture jammed into it. But it is culture based in slavery. This means it is a killer in academic and commericial contexts. After all, the language was actually created to kill black progress in these areas. But without it, the whole world as we know it would be vastly different than it is today. Without it, you would not have Ellison's "Invisible Man", you'd have basically nothing written by Toni Morrison. Broadway would not exist. Neither would Hollywood. You wouldn't have Negro Spirituals, no country music, no Blues, no Jazz, no Funk, and therefore no R&B, no Rock, no hip hop (which I think would be a good thing) and no World Music - at least none of these things as we know them today. Even the conversation we are having today would be radically different. The very English you speak today has been deeply influenced by black English. Language is very complex. It is not just words. It is tonality, timbre, rhythm, and so much more. These are all being influenced by other factors, while themselves influencing those factors. Employed in the wrong context, it can kill. That is in part what is happening to black kids. What some scholars are trying to do is learn how it is that black kids handle black English and then bridge it so that it can be put away for use in cultural contexts. The students will then be freer to pick up standard English and use it in the classroom and elsewhere. Some blacks already do this, and most of these are found in the middle classes. Actually whites do it too. Take a lot of average white kids, put them around their peers and they'll be saying mess like [beachboy accent]"Yo dude! We're gonna chill at Jeremy's tonight. Wanna catch a movie or something, man?"[/beachboy accent] All of that is straight from blacks, but we now think it is a white thing. Take those same whites and put them in another context, and their language will often change radically. What the Ebomics Movement aimed to do is help blacks make the same sort of switch, removing all the racial discomfort associated with this language change (yes. race even affects language. It affects everything).</p>
<p>I tend to think black english should be discarded because of its originally destructive purpose. But then I remember the power of Alice Walker, Toni Morrison, John Coltrane, Ellison, Clifford Brown, Charlie Parker, Ellington, etc., and I realize ain' no way I can let dat mess go, man. It is as much a part of me as me is, despite the fact that I generally don't use it. Yeah, I know the lingo because I grew up with it, and I have read a lot of stuff influenced by it. But in my day-to-day life, I sound as "white" as the driven snow, and have no problem with it. Check this out, if you wanna know more about the EM <a href="http://www.stanford.edu/%7Erickford/papers/VernacularToTeachStandard.html%5B/url%5D">http://www.stanford.edu/~rickford/papers/VernacularToTeachStandard.html</a>. I still have misgivings about some of these approaches. But I think this movement still deserves a fair hearing.</p>
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Funding programs that encourage âaverageâ students to rise up to the challenge of AP and IB coursework and provide necessary support is NOT a waste of money. Those kinds of programs, like AVID, have the potential to create stronger applicants from the âunder-representedâ groups. They tell the students loudly and clearly that not only are they capable of such high demands, but they must reach them if they are to strengthen themselves academically.
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AVID and programs like them are important, and we should fund them. But not even they are solutions. Check out, for example, AVID's eligibility requirements:</p>
<p>2.0â3.5 GPA
CTB TerraNova scores between the 41st and 89th percentiles
Teacher and administrator recommendation
Express commitment to achievement</p>
<p>Well shoot. Basically what the AVID folks are telling me is that the problem has to be solved before it even does anything. It is no solution. It is just a support for once a solution is found-- a needed support, but just a support. This program likely has very few blacks entering it because it does not hit at the base of the problem. The sort of race-sensitive policy I have advocated here hits directly at the problem. It in fact destroys the problem forever. Just pouring money in some doggone program will not work. It never has. We keep looking for silver bullets or some other quick and painless fix for a problem that took multiple centuries to create. I don't think any such quick fix exists. But if we should make very sure the Johnnys of our country are not ignored, they will bring about a fundamental change in culture that will eventually flood programs like AVID with blacks. And when AVID kicks in, these students will change the culture even more so that AVID is not even needed. It will take time - much more than the few years America wants to give it.</p>
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If I have understood you correctly, then your second paragraph indicates a support for affirmative action as defined by aggressive nondiscrimination. Sir, if this is the case, then we have no argument, because I firmly believe in affirmative action as defined by aggressive nondiscrimination. Unfortunately, I am not so sure if that is indeed the case because you still support the use of race to make sure Johnny doesnât get âleft behind.â
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I don't think it is discrimminatory to be aware of Johnny's race. It adds greater understanding of just who he is. Ignoring Johnny's race is as important as ignoring his gender because race is treated with great significance in America, as if it is objective, even though it is not. Race can help find worthy black students to maintain diversity. I know a lot of folks think diversity is not important. I love it, actually. My kids sure have benefitted from it.</p>
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Black enrollment at Berkeley and Los Angeles dropped after 1996, but it didnât go to zero. If Johnny were a Californian, I contend that the merits produced by his spirit, motivation, and work ethic would land him a spot at either of those institutions.
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You can't really contend this, especially since the number dropped. Throwing Johnny to chance could quite easily have put him in the group of blacks that didn't get in, though he was worthy in every way. He may have just been quantitatively equal to some white or Asian guy, while having slogged his way through the sort of racism, both structural and direct, that none of these guys have had to deal with. His essay may have been better than the whites and Asians, but not knowing his race could easily have destroyed the essay's power. And mentioning his race in the essay would have destroyed the race-blind process. While it may take some time to become obvious, I think the California system will ultimately lose intellectual and cultural vibrancy with its dullheaded approach. It is overlooking unique talent because it is being forced to paint its classes by numbers.</p>
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I am convinced that the student we have described can absolutely make it to an elite college solely by his developed strengths.
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We, of course, must deal not in possibilities, but in probabilities. The probability of his making it into these schools without the schools having a fully orbed view of who he is, is very low. It is like choosing a speaker on determination, from two guys both of whom finished a marathon in 2 hrs, 50 minutes, and without knowing that one of those guys ran without legs.</p>