<p>Regarding financial aid: There are a couple of FA pro’s around here and I’m not one of them, but here’s what I do know.</p>
<p>Each college has a Cost of Attendance which you can find on its website. Your EFC remains fixed. The difference between COA and EFC is Demonstrated Need, which will be different for each college depending on its COA. The idea is that if the college wants you, it would need to come up with some FA package in the amount of your Demonstrated Need. You would then come up with the EFC, and boom, you’re able to attend. That’s the theory.</p>
<p>In practice it’s a little more complicated. For starters, most people find that their EFC is a ridiculously large number which they can’t possibly pay out of current income. The student and family then need to decide if/how much they are willing to take out of savings and/or borrow – in order to meet the EFC. That’s where the conversation with your parents comes in.</p>
<p>On the college’s side there are complications as well. Many colleges do not make any pretense about meeting Demonstrated Need. In those cases, you’d need to come up with more than your EFC, possibly much more. Remember that EFC is probably the minimum you’d need to come up with. </p>
<p>Another thing that can happen is that the college puts together a package which technically meets your Demonstrated Need. But here’s where it gets even tricker. Not all aid packages are created equal – the makeup of the package is critical. Some schools will offer you a package that is mostly loans. Sure, that will get you in the door, but then you’ll be saddled with a terrible load of debt for decades. (IMO that’s not aid, and the colleges do you a disservice when they include it in “aid” packages.) </p>
<p>The best outcome is if the college offers you a package that fully meets your Demonstrated Need, AND is mostly grants and scholarships. Your federal loans will be a part of that package (maximum $5500 the first year), with the rest being “gift” aid – money you’ll never have to pay back. For our family those federal loans are the only loans we want our daughter to have when she graduates – private loans on top of the federal loans would just be too much. </p>
<p>Regarding CTCL: I agree, you shouldn’t make your college decision based on that list, or any single source. Several of the colleges you listed are CTCL colleges, so if you’re wanting to go in that direction, the CTCL list may give you some more leads to schools you hadn’t thought about.</p>