Practical Realities: Jobs on every Hollywood Set

<p><< – CoffeeAddict9716 –</p>

<p>Jobs on the Hollywood Set aren’t as glamorous as you might think…</p>

<p>You might just run into trouble like this guy: (anyone else remember the Christian Bale drama?) >></p>

<p>Jobs on set aren’t glamorous in any way. Days can begin at 6am and generally go 12 hours minimum and more likely 13 to 14 hours. “In town” movies will work five day weeks. “On location” work will be six day weeks. A Monday morning call will be early and because of the long days and minimum “turn arounds” (the minimum amount of time that cast and crew are off work before the next day), the call on Friday may be at 4 in the afternoon… add 14 hours to that and now you’re getting home on early SATURDAY morning which means that you’re sleeping while your friends and family enjoy the weekend. You get Saturday night to yourself and then Sunday. Then Monday begins at 7am to start it all over again.</p>

<p>Usually a movie will begin on location…which means maybe six to eight weeks (all variable) traveling to a variety of places and quite possibly a long distance from home so you’re staying in hotels. When production returns home, you’re working those long hours described above…some days and some nights… so you don’t see anyone or do anything else anyway.</p>

<p>You can easily earn $40,000 + in as little as three months, however that may be the only big job you have that year, so you fill in the other part of the year “dayplaying” on other projects when they need extra people for larger scenes.</p>

<p>The “glamour” you see on TV is the video and stills taken at premieres and award shows…which are essentially just “parties” designed to make it SEEM like it’s all glamorous so that people will want to see the movie.</p>

<p>Life on set is far from glamorous. It can be dirty, exhausting, frustrating. It can also be fun, exciting, and no two days are ever alike. It is an environment for people who don’t need the safety net of a 9-5 existence and the security of knowing that they’ll have a paycheck every week. If we weren’t doing this, we’d all be in the circus!</p>

<p>And by the way, the DP who Mr. Bale is upset with is a very nice person and he didn’t walk “onto” the set despite some of the scuttlebutt out there. Because of the working conditions, sometimes a set can get tense so tempers can grow short. Making a movie IS hard work and with so many people all trying to do their own job in collaboration with everyone else, on occasion, some things might not go as smoothly as everyone would like. While Mr. Bale may or may not have been justified in becoming “upset,” that type of outburst is very atypical of how professionals choose to deal with conflict.</p>

<p>there are so many stereotypes about Hollywood, that I don’t even know which is true or not. for example, i have always been scared about directors b/c i hear that all they do is yell at you. but i actually think they’re quite reasonable. it just seems like any other business, trying to find the best way to make money… but they choose entertainment as their business. in every job, one should be respectful, but is there also a lot of sucking up in Hollywood? another common stereotype: females sleeping w/ the director for parts… hopefully this isn’t as common anymore. i’m just wondering how Hollywood compares to wall street (not asking you this Q directly). what are ways for someone who enjoy this stuff but wants to avoid the corruption of greed and prima-donnaness? opening their own theater? this does not sound that bad actually.</p>

<p>how do you think youtube, the rise of success for indie films, and internet videos will affect hollywood in the future btw?</p>

<p><< – 4321234 –</p>

<p>there are so many stereotypes about Hollywood, that I don’t even know which is true or not. for example, i have always been scared about directors b/c i hear that all they do is yell at you. but i actually think they’re quite reasonable. it just seems like any other business, trying to find the best way to make money… but they choose entertainment as their business. in every job, one should be respectful, but is there also a lot of sucking up in Hollywood? another common stereotype: females sleeping w/ the director for parts… hopefully this isn’t as common anymore. i’m just wondering how Hollywood compares to wall street (not asking you this Q directly). what are ways for someone who enjoy this stuff but wants to avoid the corruption of greed and prima-donnaness? opening their own theater? this does not sound that bad actually.</p>

<p>how do you think youtube, the rise of success for indie films, and internet videos will affect hollywood in the future btw? >></p>

<p>Re: Stereotypes in Hollywood - No, most Directors don’t yell. A few have deserved reputations as “screamers” and a few are very demanding despite the sweet personae they portray for the public, but for the most part, movie/television/commercial sets run fairly smoothly. The business is so specialized that it really would be possible to take 100 cast & crew who have never met and they would all come together to complete the work with little to no difficulty. Typically, those who are “screamers” are those who doubt their own abilities and lash out at others in order to (try to) hide their own failings. The most confident and qualified cast and crew who are comfortable with their own skills and abilities quietly do their work, inspire confidence in others, and help create and maintain a calm and professional working environment. </p>

<p>Yes, some people are somewhere in the business just to make money, but a lot of people really are here to create “art” AND make money. In the old days, studios were owned and run by people who were mostly interested in making movies. Today, most studios are owned by international corporations as part of their overall corporate structure where quarterly profits take precedence over quality and entertainment. </p>

<p>Sucking up: Well, the business does run on relationships so getting to know others and having others know you and what you can do is vital to maintaining a career. The level that some people feel they need to take that is amusing at times. The true professionals can sniff out “suck ups” a mile away. What they are truly looking for are quality people and quality material that has great potential for creativity and profit. Certainly some people and projects work their way through the cracks due to someone’s schmoozing capabilities, but for the most part, the serious professionals have too much riding on their decisions so caving into hiring someone or buying their product (buying a script, making a movie, hiring an Actor/crew) because they want to have sex or something else out of it isn’t that prevalent. </p>

<p>I imagine that there is “corruption” and “greed” anywhere you look and the movie BUSINESS isn’t a stranger to that. Naturally, “employers” are looking to get a product made while paying as little as possible for it, so it is not out of the question for Producers/studios to go out of their way to whittle down a contract or short paychecks. It is also not rare for others to take credit for someone else’s work in order to prop up their own sense of accomplishment in order to get ahead. I haven’t seen it myself, but there are stories of Writer’s finding copies of their scripts in offices… but with someone else’s name on them. I’ve also been specifically hired as a Producer, but only later on, that credit is given to someone else who didn’t do the work. You can’t really avoid this as you can’t control how others choose to conduct themselves in business and life. But you can help mitigate the affects of this by proceeding carefully and getting EVERYTHING in writing. Maintaining a career SHOULD BE about the work… but unfortunately too often, politics and financial aspects are the rule so the ability to network and “schmooze” if necessary can be the difference between having a career and sitting at home wondering what went wrong.</p>

<p>Your question about “new media” (internet mostly) is one that is on the minds of everyone today. The WGA (Writers Guild) fought for future rights to profits on technology that is only beginning to gain real ground. They lost their fight. The DGA (Director’s Guild) basically didn’t fight at all and signed a contract that doesn’t provide any real provisions to address new media. BUT SAG (Screen Actors Guild) has been in a contract dispute since June of 2008 over this very question. And it has severely impacted everyone in “Hollywood” as projects have been put on hold lest they be held up because of a strike. The problem is that nobody knows how new media will impact any of this. The music industry has been in a tailspin since Napster and they failed to adapt quickly enough to embrace the new business model being forced upon them. The movie business is doing what it can to predict it’s own changes and the unions (SAG, WGA) are doing what they can to protect their members for now and the future. </p>

<p>Keep in mind that movies are just a product like any other that the manufacturer makes and has to market and sell. An enormous amount of money is invested for the product itself and then another large amount is spent to market it, distribute it, and exhibit it. So they need to earn that money back PLUS the interest on the loans it took to do those things PLUS hopefully more money to placate the investors who sunk their money in so they can earn a profit. So the manufacturers (Producers, studios, etc) want to spend as little as possible while enjoying greater returns. That means cutting labor costs by destroying union contracts here in the US and by taking production work over borders (to Canada and Mexico) and overseas (to the UK, Prague, South Africa, Budapest, and Australia). They don’t just go to these places for pretty exteriors. Labor is MUCH cheaper there AND a lot of countries (and some US states) offer tax “incentives” that can save a production up to 40% or more from what they’d pay if they kept the work in the US and the traditional production areas (Los Angeles, NY, Chicago). So, studios save money simply by taking the show on the road via tax breaks and cheaper labor costs AND profits continue to grow due to large box office returns and DVD sales. </p>

<p>So, when you ask how those things will “affect Hollywood,” the question is “which part of Hollywood are you asking about”? Those at the top are doing and will continue to do just fine. Those in the middle and bottom will find that their wages are being cut (or eliminated) which makes continuing to work in this business increasingly difficult if not impossible. The “global economy” is wreaking havoc on many industries and the movie business is not immune. So the rich will get richer and the workers will struggle more and more until the US government (and other governments) find a way to “encourage” corporations to keep wages at a level that can support a living where people can raise families and have “normal” lives. That’s a big philosophical/political discussion for another time and place, but I say all of this so that any aspiring “filmmakers” out there will understand that it isn’t just all about making “art.” Filmschools do a fine job of telling kids all about the art and potential glamour, but there is a bigger picture to take into consideration when making choices about what it is someone should do for a living and how to go about it. </p>

<p>Nobody knows what the future holds. The best anyone can do is to go out and do his/her best, keep a handle on finances to weather slow times, and keep going being mindful that success can be elusive…entirely possible… but there are no guarantees.</p>

<p>Brian:</p>

<p>Thanks for starting up this thread. I’m not interested in film myself, but it’s been incredibly interesting to follow along with the postings here.</p>

<p>Any advice for a college junior who’s interested in practical effects and animatronics? He’s an art major focusing on sculpture, but his skill base is pretty broad. He’s great with sculpting, modeling, materials, and paint, and he’s not bad in the shop with wood or metal, either. His previous projects for school have included a mechanical metal cockroach, an installation featuring a trashcan with giant parasites and a soundtrack he mixed himself, and a series of bird-nest-like sculptures woven from painted paper. What sort of entry-level work should he be looking at? He’s currently thinking about attending a special effects school after he graduates. Is this necessary or important, career-wise?</p>

<p><< --shades_children –</p>

<p>Brian:</p>

<p>Thanks for starting up this thread. I’m not interested in film myself, but it’s been incredibly interesting to follow along with the postings here.</p>

<p>Any advice for a college junior who’s interested in practical effects and animatronics? He’s an art major focusing on sculpture, but his skill base is pretty broad. He’s great with sculpting, modeling, materials, and paint, and he’s not bad in the shop with wood or metal, either. His previous projects for school have included a mechanical metal cockroach, an installation featuring a trashcan with giant parasites and a soundtrack he mixed himself, and a series of bird-nest-like sculptures woven from painted paper. What sort of entry-level work should he be looking at? He’s currently thinking about attending a special effects school after he graduates. Is this necessary or important, career-wise?>></p>

<p>From what you describe, your friend can pursue one of two different routes. One is as you suggest, in Special Effects, which is different from VISUAL Effects. Special Effects is the department working ON SET to create practical effects ranging from exciting things like large explosions to run-of-the-mill things like running water on a kitchen set. Visual Effects is the department OFF SET that handles computer generated effects in post-production.</p>

<p>The other route he could go would be in a Make-up Effects house. A well-known example of what these people do is the Crypt Keeper from the television series. A character like that requires the skills of many artists and technicians to bring to life. </p>

<p>I am only aware of one Special Effects school (specialfx101.com) that is in Florida. The curriculum may or may not be necessary for your friend, and as for everyone else working on set, it still boils down to who he knows. The road to being a professional Special Effects Technician on large “Hollywood” movies is slightly complicated and involves both the IATSE union, the Federal Department of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, and a permit from the state of California if you want to handle pyrotechnics on a movie set. There is a bit too much to describe here, so I will recommend the reading below for the whole story of what working in the professional field of Special Effects is really like.</p>

<p>The best way to start a career in Effects Makeup is to start creating things on your own. Find books and magazines that talk about the various products and processes for creating prosthetics and full scale masks and costumes. Take care to learn about the safety procedures to be followed when handling the various products. Most of them are highly toxic. Once you feel confident in your base of knowledge, start creating some sculptures on your own. Eventually, the sculpture will deteriorate so you’ll want to make molds to preserve your creation as a mask or resin material. Also, take pictures of everything you do. The pictures and the resin products will be your portfolio which you will use to get a foot in the door.</p>

<p>Unless you are a child prodigy in art, sculpture, and creature design, your first step in the professional world of effects makeup will probably be as a RUNNER at a special effects shop. While this seems like a menial position, and can be at times, it is valuable in that you are learning how a real shop runs in the context of a real business environment. You learn firsthand where to get the various materials needed, what they cost, and how they are eventually used by the seasoned professionals.</p>

<p>Once you’ve shown that you’re enthusiastic and reliable, you may be pulled from your running duties to become a full time LAB TECHNICIAN. Here, you are responsible for all sorts of things like “running” foam, brushing latex, making armatures, casting silicone, assisting with life-casting or even just assembling work tables. </p>

<p>Those two positions are sort of the “support” jobs for the artists in the shop. Of course the glory jobs are in SCULPTING and PAINTING. Your portfolio coupled with the “who you know” factor will land you work in those areas…maybe. But almost equally important to the process (not that any of the steps are unimportant) is the MOLD MAKER. The clay used to create a sculpture will eventually break down and fall apart. Not that an Actor can wear a block of clay anyhow, so a mold has to be constructed from which the final product can be produced. Using a variety of techniques and materials, the Mold Maker takes a sculpture and makes a negative of it so that it can be reproduced precisely as a latex or resin (or other finishing material) piece. </p>

<p>A very specialized position in the field is the MECHANIC. This is a person who is well schooled in creating internalized armatures and motors for models, miniatures, or creature effects such as eye movement and muscle control. If the film calls for such an elaborate creation, the Mechanic will be called in to collaborate with the Sculptor early on in the process to ensure that enough physical space is left for the necessary equipment to be added later. Eventually, when the product is completed, the Mechanic may also be asked to go to the set to work as the PUPPETEER. Now, the job is taking on a whole new dimension as the technician is required to “act” via the mechanical device for camera.</p>

<p>The important thing for you to consider while pursuing this career is that while specializing in one area can be rewarding, it might not pay all the bills. Being a jack of all trades makes you far more valuable to a production, as they can count on you to do the jobs that might otherwise be assigned to several different people. For instance, a Sculptor may only need five days to finish a mask. Then what? If that’s all he is capable of doing, then he is now out of work. But if he also knows how to make molds, then he just picked up another few days of employment. If he is a highly skilled Painter as well, then he may get the privilege of seeing his creation from start to finish and get paid for it. Not only will you keep the checks keep coming in, but, as an added bonus, you will experience a sense of creative accomplishment.</p>

<p>Wow. So I’ve read a lot of this thread, and while some of what you’ve said is very frank, it doesn’t much surprise me. And, of course, I have a few questions of my own.</p>

<p>I’m an aspiring filmmaker. Okay, just kidding. I love writing and honestly could not imagine myself doing much else in life–so I want to be a screenwriter. I’m a senior in high school, awaiting college letters and such, so everything’s pretty much in the air. But I applied to a few film schools, some of which I suppose are considered the best–USC and NYU. Would it be totally useless for me to go and major in screenwriting at either of these schools? I did know before getting into the whole application process that the degree would not matter if I actually got into the business somehow–that talent and luck would make a career and all that. But other than writing, I know basically nothing about the technical work that goes on in the movie-making process, and I thought that film school would be a great way to learn how it all goes about, especially in Los Angeles, where I could perhaps intern at television studios and such. I would feel a bit guilty about spending thousands of my parents’ money on school if the degree would be so useless…would it be helpful to double-major in something else “practical”? I don’t know, I just think of college as a place to learn about things I’m actually interested in–film, philosophy, theology. I know none of those degrees lead to any sort of job stability, which I’m okay with. Maybe impractical, but worth the risk for me. I don’t know–what do you think?</p>

<p>i know many people discourage getting degrees in majors you can do yourself with tons of practice, but the truth is, most people have a terribly hard time motivating themselves to do it, despite the fact that they do love it. it’s just hard, period. for example, i knew i love writing and novels, etc. But i tried to write on my own for 3 years, and i just couldn’t do it. i didn’t know where to start, didn’t know which stereotype was right, which was false. so i took a few creative writing classes, and it’s boosted the amount i’ve written, making a quarter’s amount of work more than 3 years. maybe i’m a bad example, but i do think going to school for it can help you achieve your goals more straightforwardly and probably quicker. just don’t forget internships along the way.</p>

<p>I get that! It’s like with my writing in high school–I do so sporadically, always saying to myself that if I got the chance to, I would dedicate even more time to it. But would I really? I don’t think I’d get anything done. I’m pretty uncertain of my skills. Hopefully being schooled in writing won’t “ruin” whatever talent I may have, but be a sort of discipline instead. </p>

<p>Thanks for your comment–I’m taking any assuages for my fears that I can get!</p>

<p>i think going to school for it can really help motivate you and make you feel confident. there’s way too many people out there trying to discourage others from doing it… but school is a great environment to develop the young artist. it does focus on the art more than the real world, but that’s not to say there aren’t other opportunities to go out into the real world while at the same time honing your abilities to achieve your goals in school. maybe some people do learn more just by doing it, but for things like writing, nobody’s willing to teach you that for free… not any good teachers anyway. and you can’t really volunteer your time for that… .well you can work for newspapers, magazines, etc., but they won’t have time to teach you and help your writing skills.</p>

<p><< – luckygirl1791 –</p>

<p>Wow. So I’ve read a lot of this thread, and while some of what you’ve said is very frank, it doesn’t much surprise me. And, of course, I have a few questions of my own.</p>

<p>I’m an aspiring filmmaker. Okay, just kidding. I love writing and honestly could not imagine myself doing much else in life–so I want to be a screenwriter. I’m a senior in high school, awaiting college letters and such, so everything’s pretty much in the air. But I applied to a few film schools, some of which I suppose are considered the best–USC and NYU. Would it be totally useless for me to go and major in screenwriting at either of these schools? I did know before getting into the whole application process that the degree would not matter if I actually got into the business somehow–that talent and luck would make a career and all that. But other than writing, I know basically nothing about the technical work that goes on in the movie-making process, and I thought that film school would be a great way to learn how it all goes about, especially in Los Angeles, where I could perhaps intern at television studios and such. I would feel a bit guilty about spending thousands of my parents’ money on school if the degree would be so useless…would it be helpful to double-major in something else “practical”? I don’t know, I just think of college as a place to learn about things I’m actually interested in–film, philosophy, theology. I know none of those degrees lead to any sort of job stability, which I’m okay with. Maybe impractical, but worth the risk for me. I don’t know–what do you think? >></p>

<p>You ask if it would be “totally useless” for you to major in screenwriting. I don’t know that I’d go as far as saying it would be “totally useless.” The degree, yes, that is basically useless unless you intend to teach at some point. But entering an encouraging and potentially educational environment where you (hopefully) receive constructive criticism isn’t necessarily a bad thing. That said, your “success” there (in terms of the education you receive and how it helps you become a better writer) depends greatly on the instructor you just happen to have. There are other great resources out there that will cost you a lot less that will help you learn the craft and business of screenwriting (listed below). </p>

<p>A lot of people say they want to be Writers. But only the most inspired do the work, sit down, and write through to completion. If you are in need of plunking down thousands of dollars to “encourage” you to do that, then it’s entirely possible that a writing career isn’t for you. The business is very difficult and the competition is out there. The most successful Writers don’t really have to work that hard to sit down and do it. They just do because that is what drives them. If you feel that you need to pay for outside “encouragement” to “make you” sit and write, then your chances of becoming a successful Writer once you leave the school environment will likely drop. </p>

<p>School CAN help you hone your skills. I’m not suggesting that it can’t, but that is dependent on the specific class and instructor. But there is no reason you can’t develop your own skills on your own for much less money.</p>

<p>If you want to learn the “process” that it takes to get a movie made from start to finish, again, there are different ways to do that that don’t involve spending inordinate amounts of money on a film degree. Volunteering to work on student films that other people are paying for is a great way to get exposure to the process and watch others succeed and/or fail on a daily basis. But the student-film level can be very different from what a true professional movie set is like, so yes, at some point, finding your way to observe or work on a professional project is important…and again, that is something that a filmschool won’t necessarily do for you (giving you the opportunity to meet professionals and go to real sets). Some schools CAN and DO do that. Most don’t. So carefully research the curriculum of schools that interest you and ask lots of questions about any internship/and professional outreach programs they might have. And just a note about that…interning at “television studios” is not the same as working on movies and episodic television. Those projects aren’t shot at television studios. The production offices are usually on studio lots (like Universal, Warner Bros, Disney, Fox, Paramount) and stages are either on the lots themselves or on other stages (like Raleigh near Paramount or in converted buildings, like Downey Studios which is the former home of Rocketdyne). </p>

<p>If you want to be a professional Screenwriter, I urge the following for you: </p>

<p>1) read every page of wordplayer.com</p>

<p>2) read the book: Film Scriptwriting, Second Edition: A Practical Manual (Paperback)
by Dwight V Swain (Author), JOYE R SWAIN (Author)</p>

<h1>ISBN-10: 0240511905</h1>

<h1>ISBN-13: 978-0240511900</h1>

<p>3) write many scripts…shorts, episodics, and feature length. Practice and show that you are able to write for different genres and purposes.</p>

<p>4) Research and possibly apply for Screenwriting Fellowships. A Google search will lead you to the variety that are offered.</p>

<p>5) Enter your work into Screenwriting Contests. On occasion, new talent is “discovered” and developed this way by Agents, Producers, and Studio Execs.</p>

<p>6) Work on getting an Agent. How? By having writing samples to show (the variety of scripts I suggested above). Most Agents and Producers DO NOT take unsolicited material under any circumstance. What that means is that if you mail a script to them, it will go instantly in the garbage or will be sent back to you unopened. This is to protect them legally. So to get in their hands so that it IS read (usually by a hired “Reader”), you almost always need to know someone ELSE who knows the Agent so that your work comes “recommended.” How do you do that? By getting involved in the professional industry. Some people start as Assistants to Agents, Writers, and/or Producers. Some others work below-the-line on a crew and manage to schmooze their way into a relationship with someone in a “suit.” There is no “one way” to do this and nobody will ever care or give you an extra look if you have a Masters in Screenwriting. What matters is who you know and your work. </p>

<p>7) To learn how a movie is made, you can volunteer to work on low-budget indie projects and maybe even get paid something for it. Not really a plug, but I wrote my own book to help aspiring “filmmakers” learn how professional movies are made without having to actually go to set, so you could read that to help you. Or you can spend money on filmschool and learn that way too. </p>

<p>As far as your major goes, you seem to be on the right track when you mention the things other than film. In film classes, you’re going to study other films. But since you want to be a professional Screenwriter, you’ll need things to write ABOUT. If your whole concentration is on “film,” then your education will be so film-centric that you won’t have the breadth of knowledge to write about anything except other films. So subjects like Philosophy, Theology, Myths, Literature, Sociology, Physics, History are all better suited to an aspiring Writer of any kind. If you can major in any of those AND still take some film production and/or screenwriting classes, all the better. </p>

<p>You mention the term “practical” which delves into the realm of learning a trade. You seem to have a firm grasp on the concept of a university in that if you just wanted to be a “plumber” you wouldn’t need a degree. So in the same way, to work “on set,” a degree of any kind is certainly not required. Below-the-line jobs are essentially “blue collar” work. Highly specialized, for sure, but still basically just trades that are best learned “on the job.” You definitely don’t need filmschool for that. </p>

<p>If you are interested in a “backup” career plan while you pursue Screenwriting, well, that’s going to be something that you need to think about. The film industry is full of people who went to filmschool with hopes and dreams of becoming Writers and Directors and Producers. But for any number of reasons, they stopped trying or were stopped from going farther so they live out their lives doing something else in the business. There is nothing wrong with that, but know that this is the norm. The exception is the person who becomes a successful working Writer, Director and/or Producer. Don’t let that discourage you if you have a goal. I only say this (and wrote the book) so that people can understand the arena so that they can make wiser choices along the way. You CAN achieve your goal of being a successful working Screenwriter and learning the realities of how this all works is the first step. After that, it’s about your own passion, enthusiasm, perseverance, patience, and skill. </p>

<p>So when you consider schooling for a “backup” career that you’re doing while you pursue the goal of Writing, think sincerely about what else you wouldn’t mind doing within the film industry and how THAT job might help you meet the right people who could hire you to write. Because the business is about who you know, target your education and career path in a way that puts you in the position to have opportunities to advance. </p>

<p>One last thing is that you say that it is “worth the risk.” Therein lies the difference between those who can survive this industry and those who can’t. There are people out there who can’t fathom how “we” don’t have the security of a weekly paycheck or a regular office to drive to every day. We do this because we can’t imagine doing anything else. There are no “backup” jobs…one, because we’re not really qualified to do anything else… two, because this is what we want to do with the short time we have to live on the planet. People who have “real” jobs have trouble jumping away from the security blanket into the freelance world because they likely have lots of financial overhead to pay for. When you live a life of uncertainty, it is easier to not tie yourself down with “things.” The less you have to be responsible for, the freer you are to pursue those “risks” that others can’t imagine taking. So before you sink into debt, or buy an expensive car or get married or any number of other things that can tie you down into a “life,” just get started writing and move to where you can work in the professional industry where you will meet others. By all means, go to a University where you will learn skills that you will carry with you for life, but know that the degree isn’t the point. </p>

<p>It really does boil down to this: if you want to be a Writer, then you will sit and write, not because you have an assignment due or because you feel like you “have to.” You’ll write because you can’t imagine doing anything else. And, with preparation and knowledge about what it takes to be a professional in the industry, you could actually one day pay all of your bills (and more!) by doing it.</p>

<p>one thing i’ve always wondered how people start out is, when you first start out, you usually have to volunteer and work for free. but breaking in requires your full you, meaning lots of time. and especially in expensive cities like NYC, if you don’t have a safety bank to fall back on (rich spouse, parents, etc.,), it seems impossible, or extremely hard. it probably isn’t the place for hermits/anit-socials either.</p>

<p>

</p>

<p>College internships help with this. You have the safety net of food and shelter on campus, therefore it’s “easier” to work for free.</p>

<p>There are a few Temp Agencies that work with various production companies so those wishing to get a start in the industry can be placed inside the business. You may be making copies or running around town, but it’s a start and you’ll have an income as you meet others.</p>

<p>Brian Dzyak
Cameraman, IATSE Local 600/Society of Operating Cameramen
Author, What I Really Want to Do: On Set in Hollywood</p>

<p>What would you say are the differences between screenwriting for television and for film?</p>

<p><< --ReadingFlutist –</p>

<p>What would you say are the differences between screenwriting for television and for film? >></p>

<p>Narrative feature filmmaking is often described as the Director’s medium. Episodic Television is described as a Producers medium.</p>

<p>In narrative feature film, ideas can come from anywhere. If it’s just an idea, a Producer will hire an established professional Screenwriter (WGA) to flesh out the story. If it’s a complete screenplay to begin with, the Producer may push forward with the script as is (unlikely) or will ask for changes/polishes. Depending upon various factors in both cases, the original Writer may or may not be the one who continues with rewrites. Some feature films have just one credited Writer. Some have two or more (I think there was a movie in recent history that has something like ten credited Writers). </p>

<p>For a feature, regardless of what the Screenwriter writes, the Director gets the freedom to make changes on the fly if he/she feels that those changes will make for a better film.</p>

<p>In episodic television, the Producer is the one who controls the stories. Also called a “Show Runner,” television Producers have the ideas, then hire multiple Writers to create each episode. While a feature is 90 to 120 pages with some fairly minor rewrites along the way, a narrative television program requires a pilot episode plus an entire season of 42-ish minute scripts. Once a show goes into its 9-month production run, multiple Directors are hired, each directing a few episodes each.</p>

<p>Feature filmmaking has the cache of being the “top end,” but the real MONEY is in television, as one can work more days a year and residuals can easily outdo any income from a standard feature release.</p>

<p>How hard is it to break into television writing? I’ve heard that all you really need to do is write a good spec script and find an agent who’ll send the script to producers. Is that true?</p>

<p><< – ReadingFlutist – </p>

<p>How hard is it to break into television writing? I’ve heard that all you really need to do is write a good spec script and find an agent who’ll send the script to producers. Is that true? >></p>

<p>ReadingFlutist,</p>

<p>I’m going to refer you to wordplayer.com, Screenwriting Column 19 by Terry Rossio. I’m not allowed to give direct links here, but here is a clue on how to find the exact page: .wordplayer.com/columns/wp19.You.the.Expert.html</p>

<p>This article came to mind as I was reading your statement above about writing a good spec script… you make it sound so easy! :slight_smile: Check out the whole article (and whole site), but here is a little of what Mr. Rossio has to say about this issue:</p>

<p>"First, write a great script. Now, be very careful to have only one copy of it. Immediately upon writing FADE OUT, THE END, take that single copy and place it in a small, sturdy safe. Close and lock the safe. Take the safe directly to your basement, dig a hole seven feet deep, and place the safe in the hole. Refill the hole. Lock the basement door securely, and then go to bed.</p>

<p>The next day, get up and go to the basement. The place will be lousy with agents, several of them already involved in a bidding war over your script.</p>

<p>I’m being facetious, of course, but to make a point. The really hard part is step one – ‘write a great script.’ It’s like that Steve Martin joke where he says, “I know how you can make a million dollars, tax free!” He looks out over the audience, then says, really fast: “Okay, firstyougetamilliondollars. Then…”</p>

<p>So yes, the first step is to write a GREAT script…and that is easier said than done. I was just in an office at Sony last week in Culver City shooting an interview. On the walls of this particular office were shelves filled with, what had to be, in the neighborhood of 200 screenplays…just sitting there, most if not all likely to NEVER be made into movies. And those are the ones that made it to that office. There are countless others that will never make it that far. </p>

<p>So yes, write GREAT scripts. Make contacts in order to get your work seen. Then write more and get more contacts. Then, if the stars align correctly and you are very excellent at your job, then maybe you’ll make a living as a screenwriter. I’m not trying to be discouraging at all, so please don’t take it that way. Obviously it IS possible to achieve this goal because there are a lot of people who DO make a living as Screenwriters for film and television. It’s just important to understand the arena you’re attempting to play in so that you can make a plan and make wise choices along the way.</p>

<p>bjdzyak,
this is a question mainly out of curiosity and for your opinion. would you say that, for someone who can write, it would be better to write a novel or a screenplay? both are surely just as competitive as the other, but there are pros and cons to each. obviously, it’s not just as easy as deciding which one is better to write, so you set out for one and not the other. but if someone could write both, would you say they should spend more efforts in trying to get their novel published first, or to sell their screenplay first? screenplays usually bring in more money for the writer, even if it doesn’t get made into a movie. but i constantly hear of the writer not getting any credit for the work. whereas, novels don’t usually bring in as much cash, but 7/10 movies are adapted from novels, and novels do credit the authors. of course, this is something that write which suits you best, but which would you consider, i don’t know if i would say “better”, but… more beneficial to the writer? i guess if you need a paycheck, screenplay, but long run novel? this is really just an open ended question. if someone can write, both mediums are great. </p>

<p>from what i’ve read, television writers usually have more to do with the project, from pre-production and story boarding. but feature script writers usually have nothing else to do with the movie once their script gets sold until premeires. TV writers usually work with a group of writers, but feature writers are usually on their own. i would think both are equally hard to break into. any writing gig, for that matter.</p>

<p><< – 4321234 –</p>

<p>bjdzyak,
this is a question mainly out of curiosity and for your opinion. would you say that, for someone who can write, it would be better to write a novel or a screenplay? both are surely just as competitive as the other, but there are pros and cons to each. obviously, it’s not just as easy as deciding which one is better to write, so you set out for one and not the other. but if someone could write both, would you say they should spend more efforts in trying to get their novel published first, or to sell their screenplay first? screenplays usually bring in more money for the writer, even if it doesn’t get made into a movie. but i constantly hear of the writer not getting any credit for the work. whereas, novels don’t usually bring in as much cash, but 7/10 movies are adapted from novels, and novels do credit the authors. of course, this is something that write which suits you best, but which would you consider, i don’t know if i would say “better”, but… more beneficial to the writer? i guess if you need a paycheck, screenplay, but long run novel? this is really just an open ended question. if someone can write, both mediums are great.</p>

<p>from what i’ve read, television writers usually have more to do with the project, from pre-production and story boarding. but feature script writers usually have nothing else to do with the movie once their script gets sold until premeires. TV writers usually work with a group of writers, but feature writers are usually on their own. i would think both are equally hard to break into. any writing gig, for that matter. >></p>

<p>Well, that’s the funny thing about art… who can say what could be profitable enough (or at all!) so that you could, at a minimum, earn a living? People need food, clothing, and shelter to survive. Everything else is just gravy to help us “enjoy” living our too-short lives. So, if you can get someone to pay you for “art” (while you’re alive!), then you’re doing very well!</p>

<p>I don’t think there are accurate statistics regarding those who write and those who actually make a living at it. It’s probably safe to say, though, that there are more who don’t make a living as Writers than those who do.</p>

<p>With that in mind, I can’t really tell you which path to pursue apart from suggesting this: write what inspires YOU. What I mean by that (and this is only my opinion, for what it’s worth), is that I’ve found that the best writing comes when the Writer isn’t trying to force an idea to be something that it isn’t. So, if you have an idea and you can actually SEE it play out as a movie in your own mind, then write the screenplay. But if you start writing a story and it comes out more “novel-like,” then run with that. Some stories have too much “story” to squeeze into 90 or 120 minutes. If you can’t or don’t want to cut it back, then write it as a novel. </p>

<p>So, that’s the writing part. Well, it’s the format part, but it’s also VERY VERY important that your write a GREAT story. </p>

<p>As far as the business decisions to make, you’re right in that publishing and moviemaking are very competitive. I can’t really tell you which has the higher odds because so much of your success has to do with your own talent and your own networking. A truly great Writer will probably get noticed eventually. Probably, but there are no guarantees.</p>

<p>If you manage to sell your screenplay to a reputable company with the help of an Agent, then the issue of proper credit isn’t something to worry about (too much). New Writers spend far too much time being concerned about their work being stolen. The fact is that it’s far cheaper for a studio to simply buy your script and credit you than to go through a lawsuit. That’s why hardly anyone in the business accepts unsolicited work… it not only is a helpful way to keep the numbers of scripts to a small percentage of what is out there, but only accepting solicited work protects them legally in case someone decides that the movie in the theater looks too much like the script they sent the studio. Creating a career in the film industry as a Writer depends greatly on your ability to write EXCELLENT scripts AND your ability to get it in front of those who matter. Writing is only a part of what it takes to have a career as a Writer.</p>

<p>Publishing is a different industry altogether and one that is changing rapidly as we speak. Traditional publishing companies are reportedly not very profitable of late. There are a lot of books out there, but only some actually earn profit. Let’s say that you do write an amazing novel and that it does get published. Depending upon the publisher, you may wind up doing much of the marketing yourself with little to no help from them. For this reason, the name of the game in publishing is how large of an advance you can command because the sales may not ever be enough to generate royalties. As a new Author, you won’t have the reputation yet, so your advance won’t be very large… you’ll have to keep your day job for quite some time. And you have no control over the possibility of your brilliant novel being made into a movie. </p>

<p>Most studios DO pay attention to new works…they buy the books and hire Readers to do “coverage” that goes into a file. If the book is selling well and the Reader gives it good enough coverage, then the book might get optioned. That’s just a variable amount of money that locks the book into a deal with that studio/production company in the event that THEY want to make a movie from the book. An option is not a guarantee… it just keeps anyone ELSE from making a movie from the book. Then IF they decide to make the movie from the book, pretty much without exception, the book’s Author will NOT be asked to write the screenplay. As the Author, you may get an invite to the set or maybe even get a cameo (Cool!), but you won’t be invited to write the movie or give input to the Director.</p>

<p>In most television, scripts are written by groups of Writers. Not always, but often. You’ll be writing according to a pre-established format for the story and characters. And you’ll be writing quickly, on a deadline. A standard one-hour episodic schedule can run about nine months so you’ll be helping to turn out 24 to 36 scripts in that time. </p>

<p>Ultimately, my humble opinion is that you write because you want to, have to, and love to… for your own reasons that have nothing whatsoever to do with money. I wrote my own book, not for money (because there isn’t much, I still work for a living!), but because I knew that I needed to do it… I knew that aspiring filmmakers out there needed to hear what I had to tell them. I wrote the book and I donate time to boards like this to help others so that they make wiser choices as they pursue their career goals. Mine isn’t fiction, but it is a story that is told in a specific way in order to get a message across. And the story continues here and elsewhere. I write something nearly every day, but I, like so many other Authors out there, don’t make a living from the writing. If not at a “day job,” time is spent getting word out about the book via speaking engagements, media appearances, and other “marketing” efforts. The point here is that the life of a Writer is not just about writing. If you’re not trying to tell the world about your book, you’re out (away from the keyboard) building relationships with those who will publish/distribute your work. </p>

<p>All Writers need to do plenty of other things in order to get their words in front of other people. The politics are just as important, if not more so, than the writing itself. You could write the most brilliant novel or screenplay in the history of the Universe, but if no one else ever sees it, then it might as well not even exist.</p>

<p>yeah… i usually get the best ideas when i’m not actually writing, not sitting in front of my computer or notebook. they like to come when i’m working or trying to fall asleep. but sometimes i don’t see myself doing anything else but writing, making it difficult to find another career, but wow, i can’t even write when i’m trying.</p>