<p>From its modest beginnings (as) a series of brief
A
vignettes to (its establishment as) the
B
longest-running prime-time animated series on</p>
<p>television, The Simpsons (transformed) the way
C<br>
(both the) audiences and television programmers
D
view the animated sitcom. (N.E.)</p>
<p>The answer is D because the (both x and y) construction must be parallel. i get the question. </p>
<p>but i was wondering... isnt the simpsons' act of transforming present perfect, not simple past? it is continuing in the present from the past. so shouldn't it be "has transformed"?</p>
<p>does the "from x to y " clause act as a specific completed time frame in the past, qualifying use of simple past because then the transformation that the question refers to does not continue into the present? i thought people only use the "from x to y" construction when they want to include some significant information about the subject (like how it grew from a modest series of vignettes to a primetime animated blalblablahawet), not a time frame.</p>
<p>please clarify why the simple past is okay here. thanks. but please, if you don't really know, don't assert yourself because i will get confused. and i might break something if i get confused. jk (not rly)</p>