<p>I'll assume that human beings have created a society to maximize their own survival, and any sort of human society will exist to maximize the survival of human beings. Human being are also, extremely irrational, and follow their survival instincts (emotions) rather then their logic. These two assertions must be kept in mind before I go on, but they do contradict your implicit reasoning that human beings are rational.</p>
<p>Imagine then, a society like one you have described. In a perfectly rational society, arming each person would be a sufficient counterweight to any sort of violent action. But, imagine, that a cittizen is emotionally agitated (a common occurence in today's society) and murders another cittizen. Your entire society would fall apart in such a scenario, because rival groups would fight over this cittizen's fate, or this cittizen would be executed or say exiled. Either way, the cittizens would come to realize that arming every individual is illogical because it actually lowers the survival ability of the cittizens. Now, if the society was to diasarm every individual the stronger ones would take over and authority would be reestablished.</p>
<p>What I'm getting at here is why every individual will choose society over anarchy; its because of the human variable. In a society without any sort of authority people will fear for their survival (which is far more important to them than any ideal) because there is no sufficient counterweight to human nature. The only counterweight that exists IS an oppressive regime (in the future it may be genetic engineering or controlled evolution that makes such a society as you have described possible). </p>
<p>In any case, your real problem is not with society, but with human nature itself, which is unchangeable at the present time.</p>