URM Medical Students & Residents Face Racism and & Discrimination

https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2020/06/16/876279025/racism-hazing-and-other-abuse-taints-medical-training-students-say

Hazing, public humiliation, bullying, demands for sexual favors are an ingrained part of medical culture, particularly during the clinical training portion of med school and during residency. Minority students—LBGT+ students and students of color (Black, Latino and Native American)-- receive higher levels of this mistreatment than do white or Asian students.

[Assessment of the Prevalence of Medical Student Mistreatment by Sex, Race/Ethnicity, and Sexual Orientation](https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/article-abstract/2761274?guestAccessKey=5b371de5-4978-4643-b125-f26972348616&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=022420)

[The Prevalence of Medical Student Mistreatment and Its Association With Burnout](The Prevalence of Medical Student Mistreatment and Its Association With Burnout)

[Harassment and Discrimination in Medical Training: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis](Harassment and discrimination in medical training: a systematic review and meta-analysis - PubMed)

[Health Care Workplace Discrimination and Physician Turnover](Health care workplace discrimination and physician turnover - PubMed)

[Making All Lives Matter in Medicine From the Inside Out](Making All Lives Matter in Medicine From the Inside Out | Medical Education and Training | JAMA Internal Medicine | JAMA Network)

This one lists percentage of medical students reporting mistreatment episodes:

25.2% Male
40.9% Female

24.0% White
31.9% Asian
32.9% Multiracial
38.0% URM

23.6% Hetersexual
43.5% LGB

Gender-specific:

9.4% Male
28.2% Female

Race/ethnicity-specific:

3.8% White
11.8% Multiracial
15.7% Asian
23.3% URM

Sexual-orientation-specific:

1.0% Heterosexual
23.1% LGB

2 or more types:

7.0% Male
17.8% Female

4.9% White
10.7% Asian
11.3% Multiracial
16.3% URM

3.6% Hetersexual
16.4% LGB