If I hope to work on Wall Street one day, what should my major be and what college should I go to?
So sorry to hear that. 
My advice: Go to the most competitive college you possibly can and major in a liberal arts discipline (English, history, economics, math, classics, art history, biology, chemistry, physics, etc.). Get summer analyst positions so you can put them on your resume and develop contacts. The banks just want very smart, educated people whom they can train. In my opinion, it is not a great idea to major in “business” as an undergraduate.
I respectfully disagree and thing that business at a very top undergraduate school is a smart route. For example, Wharton would be a big feeder school. Other places such as Princeton (Financial Engineering) would be a feeder school as well. However, I would note that IB jobs are few and far between for undergrads.
I know they are feeders. But that doesn’t mean it’s a “best practice” for life. I am biased in favor of a well rounded liberal arts education. You can still “work on Wall Street” (I put that in quotes because there are a zillion different jobs one can do “on Wall Street”) and, as a bonus, get an education grounded in classic disciplines that would be beneficial for life and for any career. Plus, very, very few students can get into Wharton. Do you think getting an undergrad business degree at the University of Delaware is a good idea? I don’t. If your stats lead you to that school, major in classics (for example), graduate summa cum laude, and get an MBA at Wharton or the like.
Also strongly disagree with @brantly . There is a huge difference in opportunities schools that have active recruitment from companies and those that don’t. A few of the top schools for finance recruitment include Wharton, Harvard, Cornell, Princeton, NYU Stern, U Mich - Ann Arbor, U Chicago, MIT. As a transfer between a non-target and target, there was a stark contrast both in the curriculum, quality of teachers, competitiveness, and demand from employers.
You may see lists deviate depending on what career path you are looking for be it banking, asset management, trading, etc.
Your major will depend on the school as some schools have dedicated undergrad business schools such as Wharton and Stern that offer finance as a major while some schools such as Cornell offer general business majors or liberal arts majors such as econ but offer finance courses toward the degree.
A lot of bb banks might hire a few hundred IBD analysts each year with a large amount of those candidates coming from junior internships.
Harvard, Princeton, and some others you mentioned don’t have undergrad business degrees. So that’s exactly what I am saying. If you can go to Harvard and major in Art History, you can still get a job on Wall Street. You don’t have to major in business.
What if you are not an HYPS type of student? Then what is the path to Wall Street (and the pot o’ gold)?
Sorry, your original post framed it as Liberal Arts > Business specific majors due to the same access to opportunities and focus on aptitude rather than knowledge. Every employer takes aptitude and ability to learn into account during the interview process, but if you look at top candidates that have at least a foundational knowledge of economic or finance principles it gives them an extreme leg up during the technical tests.
It is in no way beneficial for someone whose sights are set on wall street and attends a school that doesn’t offer specific business degrees to major say in Art History over Economics.
Just because a university doesn’t have a separate undergraduate business school doesn’t mean they don’t offer it as a degree. Business falls under social sciences at Harvard and offers many similar courses to Wharton in preparing students for Wall Street.
There are plenty of top target schools that aren’t HYPS and the path to Wall Street really isn’t all that different.
I continue to disagree with @brantley. It is entirely possible to get both an undergraduate business education and a strong liberal arts background. For example I went to Wharton and majored in accounting but also had a history major just out of interest. My S studied business at a Jesuit College and had a core curriculum which included 2 philosophy, 2 theology, 3 English, 2 history science and a host of other liberal arts coursework. A four year college degree absolutely allows time for both a liberal arts and a business education. And if one has Wall Street in mind, it can be a good way to go. I have no problem at all with a student who opts to get a pure liberal arts education (in fact, my D who has no interest in business opted for that route), but not everyone has the money to do that and then go to grad school for business. I would also say that if you are not a student at a top tier university, the path directly to becoming a Wall Street banker can be difficult.
Wharton, Harvard, Princeton but also Columbia. Lots of recruiting there.
Double-majoring, as you did, would be ideal. As would a liberal arts core curriculum. It just bothers me when students forgo a liberal arts background in favor of an undergrad business curriculum.
Agreed.
I mentioned this in another thread but the biggest feeders in terms of sheer numbers are Wharton and Stern with a UMichigan Ross and Harvard following closely behind
Honestly, if you don’t go to at least a near target school with half-decent connection to wall street, you don’t have a good shot of making it to wall street. My biggest advice to you, is that in everything you do, make yourself stand out. Big Banks don’t want some accounting kid who got decent grades. They want smart people they can train to become money makers. So make yourself stand out as a smart kid with a different perspective. Major in chemical engineering. Major and finance and Japanese. Day trade in your spare time. Get amazing grades. Make yourself appealing. NETWORK. Yes, going to a target school is a huge advantage, but it will not make or break you completely. Making yourself different, proving your intelligence, and networking is far more important.
Universities with names like HYP will surely help (a lot). Because they are liberal arts undergraduate programs, the most natural major is economics (or economics and mathematics if you want to be a more quantitative path). At those big-name state universities, they have undergraduate business schools. The most natural major for wall street is finance. I have some accounting students eventually got into the finance side of wall street, but not too many of them. Accounting students tend to aim for CPA, and are more likely to venture into consulting arms of big accounting firms.