<p>Caltech seems the most similar to MIT? 0.o. You really need to visit. Both are great math/science schools, but are vastly different. I suggest going over to the Caltech forums and asking there.</p>
<p>I have been to both, so I'll go ahead and list out differences I've noticed. Caltech was (and is) a much smaller school, and was quieter than MIT. It's also right in a suburbanesque area, but the suburban->urban tranisiton happens really quickly going out of Pasadena towards LA. Just because it's small doesn't mean there's no campus life... I got to see pictures of people flooding their dorms to play water polo. The temperature is moderate-to-hot, which is good if you want stability, but bad if you like the snow.</p>
<p>Intellectually speaking, I think Caltech emphasizes that it is, first and foremost, a research institute. It shows in every aspect of the campus and student body. It almost seems that if you're planning to go into a research career, Caltech wants to give you an early taste not just of the research, but of the whole thing. Whether that's a good thing or bad thing is up to you.</p>
<p>My friends at Caltech tell me it's very, very, common for people to skip the freshmen classes and get by with what they learned prior to their enrolling. Keep in mind, a significant portion of the Caltech student body had gone through multivariable calculus before ever having set foot on the campus. I don't know whether this contributes to them simply not caring about the professors until sophomore year. However, the institute is committed to a good undergraduate education. Just look at Dr. Goodstein (yes, from the Mechanical Universe!) teaching freshmen physics every year. Not to mention the Nobel presence on campus.</p>
<p>MIT is a much larger school, and has more of an emphasis on the humanities and social sciences. It's in Cambridge, which is a hop away from Boston, and it shows. The campus wasn't too busy when I visited, but I visited while it was snowing, so more likely than not, people were in their dorms trying to stay warm.</p>
<p>MIT's emphasis seems to be geared more towards innovation. There is no shortage of research facilities (they have more than any campus in the country, don't they?), it's like MIT wants to get you out in the world making a difference from the very beginning. There have to be a thousand science-based industries with a branch right next to MIT, which as you can imagine provides a great foothold to get into the industry or into industrial research.</p>
<p>I've heard mixed things about professors at MIT. Almost all of my friends are complaining about the 8.012 (classical mechanics with theory) professor this year. I've heard at least two complaints that HASS professors don't seem to care about the "community" of the school. Then again, I have friends who are in love with their professors. Dr. Walter Lewin gets much praise, for instance. As with Caltech, you'll find the campus peppered with Nobel Laureates (Ketterle, Laureate '01, is a TA for freshmen physics, and there are plenty of Laureates teaching undergraduate courses).</p>
<p>Hope this helps. For emphasis, I'm not a student at MIT, but this is what I've seen, as well as what I've heard from those who are. :)</p>