Most likely the intern is someone’s relative or friend (from that office or hospital). It is very hard to job shadowing any doctor, due to the issues you mentioned and the potential hassle. As D painfully found out, she can’t find a job shadow by herself. Even with our network of friends, some told us that they no longer sponsor that.
D had to complete compliance and HIPPA training before she was allowed to intern. So rest assured, it should be fine from that perspective.