I just went through the application process myself, so I wanted to offer some advice I wish I had known at various stages. I hope this helps someone.
Grades
My Story
It might be tempting to slack off or not do homework for your first couple years in school. I sure did. I was one of the students that was the only kid to get a 100 on the exam, but just pulled an 80 in the class. Many people brag about being smart and lazy, but I say that its not smart being lazy. I didnt see the point in school. It was just a game rewarding the ability to do busy work, and it was designed to funnel people into careers; it didnt actually reward real learning. Was I right? Yes. Did I handle things well? No. You have to play the game, even if you resent it. I got a mix of A and B grades (with one C each year for freshman and sophomore year).
Coming out of sophomore year, I had a GPA somewhere around 3.45 or so. I had taken two AP courses (as much as a sophomore could take), receiving a 5 on each exam, an A in one class, and a B in another (the one with more homework). I was set to take a bunch of APs and graduate with something like 12. However, I knew the system wasnt working for me. I didnt enjoy school like I used to and I didnt do the homework. I was lucky; my school had a dual enrollment program with a local state college. That summer, I took three college courses (American Hist: Discovery-Reconstruction, American Hist: Reconstruction-Present, and English Composition I). I got an A in each one. Next semester, I enrolled full time in the dual enrollment program, taking five college courses and one high school course (Latin V). In the college courses, I received 4 As and 1 B (Statistics, the last B I would ever get, and I was proud of that grade for the work I put in). In Latin (home of my sophomore C), I actually did the homework, receiving an A. The college classes fit my learning style perfectly, and I never looked back. I will graduate with 79 college credits, an Associates Degree, a college GPA of 3.96-3.97, and a high school GPA just shy of 3.7 (rank, currently top 6%).
My advice
Do your homework. Im sorry, you have to. Almost always do your homework. If something happens one night and you cant, its not a big deal, but dont make it a habit. You have to do the work, even if you already know the material. It may not make sense, you may not like it, but its the way to get better grades. Homework is actually important for your grade, if otherwise pointless and possibly detrimental to the learning mentality. Of course, this is obvious to some people, but it wasnt to me. I thought I was better than the work, so I didnt do it. The work didnt care, the school didnt care, the system didnt care. I was only hurting myself.
Take classes you love, but dont blow off classes you should take. Always go for the best teacher, theyll make a decent class good and a good class amazing. Do the work, study if you need to. Dont focus on being the best student in the class, focus on being the best student you can be. Learn for fun, read well-written books on a subject you like, even if you dont have to (especially if you dont have to). Retain the knowledge, keep it for later. Good grades will follow.
General High School Advice
Make friends, take classes you WANT to take, and join activities, never for college, but because they sound fun. Pick the “good” teacher every time, and be nice to everybody, it will only help.
Don’t slack, but don’t kill yourself, either. The most important part of school is obviously school, but it shouldn’t consume your life. Find something you love (whether it has to do with school or not is irrelevant) and pursue it. Enjoy life, don’t do ridiculously stupid things (minor stupid things can be okay), and don’t sacrifice what’s important to you for things that are ultimately meaningless.
Read books, discuss your thoughts, and think as an individual. Make these years your best so far, but make sure they aren’t your best overall. Remember that what happens now won’t matter in 20 years, unless you make it matter.
Standardized Tests
My Story
I was naturally good at standardized tests, but I had to study the math for the SAT so I could retake. When I did, all of my scores went up. Im my schools only NMSF/NMF. I tested a 2160 on the SAT initially (740, 690,730) and took it one year later, after focusing on the math. I scored a 2280 (800, 720, 760). First time I took subject tests, I got a 720 Lit, 760 USH. I retook the Lit to get 790 and added an 800 World History.
My Advice
Dont worry about these until junior year, for the most part. Take the PSAT sophomore year to get a gauge on things. Look at your score, then look up the National Merit cutoff for your state in previous years. A few months before your junior year PSAT, start studying. How much you study depends on how you did last time, but make sure to study. If you can get National Merit, thats great. Youll open a lot of doors and be able to get a lot of scholarships. If you dont qualify, its okay. There are a ton of other opportunities. I know people who got full rides to good out-of-state private schools without National Merit as a factor. Another important thing on the PSAT is whether you choose to release your information to colleges; if you do, expect to be inundated with mail and email. I did it, and it got annoying. However, Im glad that I did. I found a lot of schools I like on my own, but there are some I only looked into because they sent me mail. Id say 95% of college mail was ultimately useless, but that 5% was well worth it. Its your choice whether or not to mark the box, but I would advise it, if you can handle the mail.
On to the SAT/ACT. This isnt actually an SAT guide. There are several effective SAT guides and books out there, I dont need to write another. Take the SAT during your junior year. I took it in December, which was a good choice, as it gave me time to see my scores well before senior year. Take the ACT, too, if you think youll do better. Obviously, you could switch the order I presented them and take the ACT first. It doesnt really matter. I never took the ACT, and it turns out I didnt need to. However, I probably should have. If you are even somewhat interested in schools that require SAT Subject Tests, then take them junior year. I didnt, and I had to rush to take them twice during senior year. Then, when you have all your scores junior year, reassess what you can improve, what you need to focus on, and what you need to retake. You need to use your own personal standards here, plus those of the schools youre interested in. Having a long time between scores means that in addition to having more study time, youll also naturally improve between tests.
If you have IB or AP or other exam-based classes, make sure to study for them. This should go without saying, but the exam is extremely important. Youll be happy with yourself when you get to college and have already tested out of requirements and into credits.
College Selection and Application
My Story
I changed my mind a lot between junior and senior years. At the beginning of junior year, I figured I couldnt afford college (low income family, and I knew very little about financial aid), so I was going to graduate early and transfer from my dual enrollment state college to a cheap local university. I didnt end up graduating early, and by senior year I wanted to go to a private (probably Jesuit) university in a big city. I went from a major in Social Work to one in History (with several grad school possibilities).
I applied to several schools early, receiving three acceptances by December and another four by February. One school gave me a full-tuition scholarship with the acceptance letter. Another one sent me one before the acceptance (I know, weird, right?), but Ive lost interest in that school anyway. I found several schools that I loved, and it turns out several of them were easy for me to get into (judging by admissions statistics). This not only relieved stress, but ended up getting me scholarships. Ive got a month to go until I hear from more selective schools, but even if I dont get into anywhere else, I have several great schools Id love to go to.
My Advice
Do your research during your junior year and the summer after. Find schools you love, and also find schools you love that you can pretty easily get into. Research scholarships; both outside scholarships and scholarships offered by schools are important. Make lists of guidelines for where you want to go to school, what kinds of schools you want to go to, what you want to major in; be prepared to break those guidelines. However, theyll be useful most of the time.
Apply early, one way or another. If there is one school you absolutely love that has an ED program, stop to ask yourself these questions: How much do I really like this school? Is it my clear #1? How likely is that to change? How many times have I changed my mind so far? What are the actual advantages for students like me (whether youre an athlete or not, legacy or not) applying ED here? How likely am I to get in without it? What kind of other early opportunities am I giving up? How sure am I that I can afford this school?
A lot of schools have early action programs, which are non-binding. I would suggest that everyone apply early somewhere (or wheres, despite the fact that thats not a word). Even if its just a safety or two; trust me, its nice to have acceptance when you might otherwise be going crazy. I dont like categorizing schools as safety, match, or reach, but it is something you need to take into account. You should apply to at least a couple of each. Some students have types of schools they like, and are able to find large variances in admissions standards within that type; other people have to be more flexible. If you have a match school you love and a safety school you like, youll save yourself a lot of stress.
Start your applications when theyre released. Be thinking about your essays months before the deadline. Many people work on them over time; others, like me, need to write things in a burst (I took a couple-day break from this and had to reread it a few times and edit to get my head back into it). However, whichever way you write, dont do it last minute, and have your head in it for awhile. Many spend a lot of time refining one essay; others write several essays; others are content with their first without much meddling. If youre comfortable with it, get some other people to help you edit them.
Ask teachers for recommendations a couple months before the deadline. Request your transcript for your own use months before you send it off; this saved me (school made an error and put an F in Latin V instead of an A, took months to fix through unreasonably slow channels). Send everything (including SAT/ACT scores) out well before the deadline, or youll be kicking yourself if theyre late (some schools are harsh, others are lenient).
And above all
While youre busy working hard, dont forget to take time to RELAX.
There. Hope that helped. Feel free to ask me any questions, though I wont know where I end up for college for around two more months (one to finish admissions, one to decide).