***December 2013 - Biology***

<p>Hey! If anyone would like to discuss tips or questions please post :)</p>

<p>Does anyone have a list of specific (location) names/ of biomes? I've been told that those are what come up.</p>

<p>Also, <em>is</em> the skeletal system a part of the SAT II biology exam?</p>

<p>The skeletal system is not tested. Just know a few biomes and their characteristics, such as Tundra, Chaparral, Taiga, etc. Know where they are located. Have fun. I am probably taking Bio M.</p>

<p>oh thank God! :D</p>

<p>I am taking bio M too, most likely. Good luck! :D</p>

<p>Biome is a group of ecosystems that shares a similar environment: climate, soil, vegetation and fauna. Terrestrial biomes are grouped in forests, grasslands, mountains, deserts, and polar regions. Aquatic biomes are divided into marine and freshwater regions.</p>

<pre><code> There are nine terrestrial biomes:
</code></pre>

<ol>
<li> Tropical rain forest </li>
<li> Tropical dry forest </li>
<li> Tropical savanna </li>
<li> Desert</li>
<li> Mediterranean Woodland and Shrubland
“The far-flung geographic distribution of Mediterranean woodland and shrubland is reflected in the diversity of names for this biome. In western North America, it is called chaparral. In Spain, the most common name for Mediterranean woodland and shrubland is matoral. Farther east in the Mediterranean basin the biome is referred to as garrigue. Meanwhile in the Southern Hemisphere, South Africans call the biome fynbos. While Australians refer to at least one form of it as mallee. While the names for this biome vary widely, its climate does not.”</li>
<li> Temperate Grassland is called prairie in North America, steppe In Eurasia, pampas in South America and down in New Zealand. </li>
<li> Temperate Forest</li>
<li> Boreal Forest or taiga</li>
<li> Tundra</li>
</ol>

<p>Thank you AssignmentExpert, this is helpful :)</p>

<p>Last minute review anyone? What should I focus on most?</p>

<p>Sajidur4, focus on evolution. By far the most important topic on this exam. Only knowing evolution however, will not get you a good score.</p>

<p>BECPO and FARBM are mnemonics to help you memorize ecological ordering as well as the chordate evolution timeline.</p>

<p>BECPO=biosphere, ecosystem, community, population
FARBM=fish, amphibian, reptile, bird, mammal</p>

<p>Know the heart, kidney, ear and eye well. Heart and kidney are most often tested; you probably won’t have any eye/ear questions (but now that I’ve said that, you’ll have a ton of them :P) Know the kidney and all the hormones that act on it, how they act, and where they act. For example, aldosterone acts on the distal convoluted tubule by establishing an NaCl gradient to draw water in.</p>

<p>Know muscle contraction. Calcium is essential for muscle contraction.
Acetylcholine is a muscle stimulant except with cardiac muscle; it relaxes cardiac muscle.
Acetylcholinesterase degrades acetylcholine.
Antiacetylcholinesterase inhibits acetycholinesterase; leads to a buildup of acetylcholine in the synapse. </p>

<p>Know the clotting chain (thromboplastin+vitamin K---->prothrombin—>thrombin—>fibrinogen---->fibrin). </p>

<p>Also, know what hormones the anterior pituitary secretes. Mnemonic for that is FLAT PIG.</p>

<p>FSH (follicle stimulating hormone)
LH (lutenizing hormone)
ACTH(adenocorticotropic hormone)
TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone)</p>

<p>Prolactin
Ignore
Growth hormone</p>

<p>Posterior pituitary serves as a storage site for hormones generated in the hypothalamus; posterior pituitary stores ADH (anti-diuretic hormone) and oxytocin.</p>

<p>Also, oxytocin’s feedback loop is one of the most common positive feedback loops in humans. The rubbing of a fetus’ head on the cervix stimulates oxytocin production, which causes the uterus to contract, causing the fetus’s head to rub against the cervix, stimulating oxytocin production which causes the uterus to contract, etc.</p>

<p>Thank you guys so much!! Good luck on that exam!</p>

<p>Also, for anyone still awake and wanting to do some last minute cramming, know that all the pituitary hormones are polypeptide based. Everything ending with -sterone is steroid based. Epinephrine and norepinephrine are amine based. </p>

<p>Steroids can go directly into the cell; polypeptide hormones must interact with an extracellular receptor and signal transduction must occur.</p>

<p>When can we talk abt the bio sat exam?</p>

<p>did you also take math? if so was your last question something about bio test?</p>

<p>I dont get you!!!</p>

<p>What do you guys think the curve will be?</p>

<p>What did everyone get for the question concerning Nacl</p>

<p>What were the choices?</p>

<p>I got something to do with the nervous system for the NaCl question.</p>

<p>How about the directional selection one?</p>

<p>For the nachos question I remember something about the precipitation of proteins</p>

<p>ughhh I should prepared better!! It was signifanctly hard… Anyone know what the raw to scale conversion chart looks like for bio m?</p>