do colleges really throw out apps that don't meet the gpa and sat/act requirements first?

That’s not what I was referring to.

Of course, half of the people admitted have GPA below the median, per definition. But if you factor in athletes, legacies, etc., there is much less “room” below the median for those who are outside these groups. And the further down they are from the median, the lesser the chances, regardless of other factors. Simplification, I’m sure, but the fact is that the privileged groups skew the median.