Do I need essays for application?

I’m currently a transfer student and are looking to major in computer science. So far my colleges of interest are:
RIT, RPI, WRI, Rutgers, Stevens, Lehigh, and Stony Brook.

The question I have is should I write essays when applying to these colleges if it’s not stated as a requirement? I do understand that essays helps raises your chance of application, but essay is not my strong point so I’m afraid it might do the opposite and reduce my chances instead.
A follow up question is from what I heard, Common App requires an essay in order to submit the application. Is this true? And should I apply through common app or direct application base on my situation?
Thanks everyone for helping!