<p>Beyond falsification or “fudging” of data which is rampant among private colleges and universities, the US News ranking system itself is stacked in favor of private colleges and universities. Among other things, it rewards the schools have have the highest expenditures per student. It costs about the same to maintain an 8 million-volume library collection, whether that collection serves 5,000 undergraduates or 25,000, but the cost-per-student (=expenditures-per-student) will be much higher at the smaller school, which will be rewarded in the US News rankings. Bigger schools can often benefit from efficiencies of scale in, for example, producing much of their own heat and cooling, which translates into a lower level of expenditures-per-student, for which they are punished. Or they can use their size to leverage better deals in employee health insurance, which also punishes them in the US News rankings because it means lower expenditures-per-student (and probably gets double-counted, because health insurance costs are also counted as faculty compensation, which is based not only on salaries but also on the cost of fringe benefits).</p>
<p>Then, of course, there’s the obvious fact that it’s much easier to maintain high test score medians if you’re filling a class of 1,000 than if you’re filling a class of 6,000. Even though the class of 6,000 might easily include more top scorers than the class of 1,000, it’s the school with the class of 1,000 that’s rewarded in the rankings. This reflects just a basic difference in mission between public universities, which are obligated to educate large numbers of people, as opposed to private colleges and universities, which can be as small as they choose to be. Does that mean the educational experience for the high-stats, high-performing student will be worse at the bigger school? No, of course not. The faculty may be just as good, the student may be just as challenged, and especially in upper-level courses, the top students at the big university will tend to self-select into more challenging (and typically smaller) classes fairly early on in their college years. But the bigger university will be punished in the rankings for also opening itself up to some less-stellar students, because its mission includes performing a public service that the smaller private university is under no obligation to perform.</p>
<p>I don’t expect the US News ranking to change drastically in the near future. In fact, their market consists largely of people who have a bias in favor of private colleges and universities, and who would viscerally disbelieve any ranking system that didn’t place HYP #1, #2, and #3 in some order. So the ranking needs to be constructed to guarantee that result, and consequently the schools that most resemble HYP–smallish-to-medium-sized private universities that have large endowments per student and spend large sums of money per student–are pretty much guaranteed to come out on top.</p>
<p>This is all by way of saying you should take the US News rankings with a large grain of salt.</p>